In this book an attempt has been made to shed light on symbols, to decode the symbols and to identify the various interpretation it stand for. American literature in general is full of symbols from the days of early settlement to the present day. Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville and Edgar Allan Poe and Mark Twain all have used symbols in their respective works. In this book Nathaniel Hawthorne has been taken for study. His magnum opus "The Scarlet Letter" has been analysed from different angles. The symbolic significance of several characters and the ever changing meaning of the word "A" have been vividly studied. The effect of sin and its evil ramifications in human mind have also been analysed from Biblical point of view.

In the continental United States, rivers serve to connect state to state, interior with exterior, the past to the present, but they also divide places and peoples from one another. These connections and divisions have given rise to a diverse body of literature that explores American nature, ranging from travel accounts of seventeenth-century Puritan colonists to magazine articles by twenty-first-century enthusiasts of extreme sports. Using pivotal American writings to determine both what literature can tell us about rivers and, conversely, how rivers help us think about the nature of literature, The Meaning of Rivers introduces readers to the rich world of flowing water and some of the different ways in which American writers have used rivers to understand the world through which these waters flow. Embracing a hybrid, essayistic form—part literary theory, part cultural history, and part fieldwork—The Meaning of Rivers connects the humanities to other disciplines and scholarly work to the land. Whether developing a theory of palindromes or reading works of American literature as varied as Henry David Thoreau's A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers and James Dickey’s Deliverance, McMillin urges readers toward a transcendental retracing of their own interpretive encounters. The nature of texts and the nature of “nature” require diverse and versatile interpretation; interpretation requires not only depth and concentration but also imaginative thinking, broad-mindedness, and engaged connection-making. By taking us upstream as well as down, McMillin draws attention to the potential of rivers for improving our sense of place and time.

Over 1000 illustrations show the fascinating origins and meanings of 300 symbols and signs used by North American tribes. The magnificent variety of symbols are shown as they were used in pottery, clothing, masks, shields, totems, and other settings, carved, sewn, and painted. The collection starts with the simplest symbols--from lines, circles, and curves, to crosses, triangles, and squares--then traces their combinations into ever-more complex designs. Many symbols depict bonds with nature--particularly animals and landscape features--which appear in clan identifications, picture-writing, rituals, legends, and stories that convey heroism and wisdom. A special section explains how more than 80 different animals may have different meanings among cultures of the Southwest, Plains, Northwest Coast, Sub-Arctic North, and the Northeast. 320 pages, 150 b/w illus., 5 5/8 x 7 1/2.