This book is a substantially modified and enlarged version of the author's "Ancient India: An Introductory Outline" (Delhi, 1977) and surveys the major developments in India's social, economic and cultural history up to the end of the ancient period and the beginning of the early middle ages and explains the rise and growth of states with reference to their material basis. Special attention has been paid to the elements of change and continuity in society, economy and culture, and to the changing forms of exploitation and consequent social tensions as well as to the role of religion and superstition in society. The book demolishes the popular historiographical stereotypes created by the Hindu-chauvinist communal writings. It also gives the lie to the view that the Indian society has been stagnant and changeless -- a view which was propagated by Western scholars in the heyday of British imperialism and continues to be peddled ingeniously in our own times. The assassination of Mahatma Gandhi ... and the demolition of the Baburi Masjid are two ... unforgettable milestones in the unfolding of the backward-looking Hindu revivalist and fascist politics of contemporary India. Since both Harappa and Mohenjodaro are situated now in Pakistan, the Hindu revivalists are busy locating the epicentre of the Harappan culture in the elusive Saraswati valley.

The thoroughly Revised and Updated 12th edition (2 colour) of Disha's BESTSELLER "27 Years UPSC IAS/ IPS Prelims Topic-wise Solved Papers 1 & 2 (1995-2021)" consists of past years solved papers of the General Studies Paper 1 & 2 distributed into 8 Units and 52 Topics. # This new edition includes Strategy Video by Mrunal, Notes & Sources for select questions. # The USP of the book is its flawless detailed solution to each and every question whose answer key has been validated with UPSC. # This new edition also includes an IAS Planner which will help the aspirants in planning their preparation for the Prelim & Main Exam. # This is the only book that provides Solved Papers of 27 Years of Prelim Exam along with Unsolved Questions of Mains Exam from 2013 to 2020. # The book has been empowered with Unique Inputs/ Articles by the author who is also one of the Most esteemed faculties for IAS - Mrunal on : • Understanding the IAS Exam & Strategies to Crack the Prelim & Main Exam. • How to Attempt the IAS Main Exam Questions? • How to approach the Economics section? • How to write Essays for GS IV Main exam? # The book provides UNSOLVED Mains Papers from 2013 - 20, divided topic-wise. The book also provides List of Essays divided topic-wise from 1993 - 2020. # The strength of the book lies in the Errorless DETAILED Solutions. The book is 100% useful for both the General Studies papers (1 and 2) of the Prelims/ CSAT.

First published in 1965, The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline is a strikingly original work, the first real cultural history of India. The main features of the Indian character are traced back into remote antiquity as the natural outgrowth of historical process. Did the change from food gathering and the pastoral life to agriculture make new religions necessary? Why did the Indian cities vanish with hardly a trace and leave no memory? Who were the Aryans – if any? Why should Buddhism, Jainism, and so many other sects of the same type come into being at one time and in the same region? How could Buddhism spread over so large a part of Asia while dying out completely in the land of its origin? What caused the rise and collapse of the Magadhan empire; was the Gupta empire fundamentally different from its great predecessor, or just one more ‘oriental despotism’? These are some of the many questions handled with great insight, yet in the simplest terms, in this stimulating work. This book will be of interest to students of history, sociology, archaeology, anthropology, cultural studies, South Asian studies and ethnic studies.