The reach of free movement within the EU Internal Market and what constitutes a restriction are the topics of this book. For many years the tension between free movement and restrictions have been the subject of intense discussion and controversy, and this includes the constitutional reach of the rights conferred by the Treaty of Lisbon. Anything that makes movement less attractive or more burdensome may constitute a restriction. Restrictions may be justified, but only if proportionate. The reach of free movement is fundamental to the Internal Market, both for the economic constitution and increasingly for individual rights in a European legal order that provides constitutional guarantees for rights, exceeding those of free movement. The interaction between fundamental rights and fundamental freedoms to movement distinguishes the EU legal order from the national legal systems. The book falls into four parts, ‘The reach of free movement’, ‘Justifications and Proportionality’, ‘Fundamental rights’, and ‘Looking Abroad’. The clear discussion of the fundamentals and dilemmas regarding the subject of this book should prove useful for academics, practitioners, graduate students as well as EU officials and judges wishing to stay updated on the ongoing scholarly debate regarding relevance to case law. Mads Andenas is Professor at the Department of Private Law, University of Oslo and at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Studies, University of London. Tarjei Bekkedal is Professor at the Centre for European Law, University of Oslo and the Chair of the Norwegian Association for European Law. Luca Pantaleo is a Lecturer in EU law at The Hague University of Applied Sciences, who obtained a Ph.D. in International and EU Law in 2013 at the University of Macerata in Italy, and who was previously a Senior Researcher at the T.M.C. Asser Institute and Postdoctoral researcher at the University of Luxembourg.

The right to free movement is the one privilege that EU citizens value the most in the Union, but one that has also created much political controversy in recent years, as the debates preceding the 2016 Brexit referendum aptly illustrate. This book examines how European politicians have justified and criticized free movement from the commencement of the first Commission of the EU-25 in November 2004 to the Brexit referendum in June 2016. The analysis takes into account the discourses of Heads of State, Governments and Ministers of the Interior (or Home Secretaries) of six major European states: the UK, Germany, France, Italy, Spain and Romania. In addition to these national leaders, the speeches of European Commissioners responsible for free movement matters are also considered. The book introduces a new conceptual framework for analysing practical reasoning in political discourses and applies it in the analysis of national free movement debates contextualised in respective migration histories. In addition to results related to political discourses, the study unearths wider problems related to free movement, including the diversified and variegated approaches towards different groups of movers as well as the exclusive attitudes apparent in both discourses and policies. The History and Politics of Free Movement within the European Union is of interest to anyone studying national and European politics and ideologies, contemporary history, migration policies and political argumentation.

This book analyses the case-law of the European Court of Justice on free movement in the energy sector. Sirja-Leena Penttinen provides a comprehensive review of the interpretation and application of the free movement provisions in the energy sector by the European Court of Justice (ECJ), which allow for cross-border energy trade (free movement of goods) and energy investments (free movement of capital). Through detailed analysis of ECJ case-law, Penttinen tracks the development of the legislative framework at EU level in response to the growth of the energy sector, as well as exposing the various political and economic nuances at play. In addition, she sheds light on the dynamic relationship between the EU Member States and their regulatory autonomy, the EU legislator, the Commission and the Court in the establishment of the EU internal energy market. Taking a coherent, systematic approach, this volume will be of great interest to scholars of EU law and energy policy, as well as policymakers and professionals working in this sector.

This work provides a detailed analysis of each provision of European Law that bears on free movement of persons and shows how the provisions have been interpreted by the European Court of Justice.

This book deals with the EC rules on the free movement of capital and economic and monetary union (EMU). In the context of capital freedom, the author performs a critical analysis, supported by case law, of the problems connected with the abolition of capital controls within the European Community and between the European Community and third countries. The book highlights some of the negative consequences of capital freedom, such as the scope for tax evasion and money laundering. EC rules on EMU, such as the rules on convergence criteria, Stability and Growth Pact, the euro and the continuity of contract, and others, are also presented in a detailed and critical manner.

"Scott Sonnon has done it again - he's created another revolutionary approach to exercise. In Free to Move, Sonnon presents his "Intu-Flow Longevity System" which promotes a full range of motion in our joints. Sonnon's work is unique and special because he draws on a holistic collection of modalities. Sonnon uses exercise therapeutically and this text is a must have for yoga teachers, yoga therapists, and cranial sacral workers. I'm a huge fan of Makunda Stiles' Structural Yoga Therapy and often use his joint warm ups while teaching yoga. As a teacher, I always yearn for more joint exercises to use in my classes. Sonnon provides an entire text devoted to joint mobility. This book offers yoga teachers and physical trainers a wealth of movements to keep their clients inspired and focused on joint health. The results are amazing - you will feel an opening and release that is seldom experienced in traditional exercise or even in yoga.

This book considers the case for modernising partnership rights in EC family reunification law. Existing Community law traditionally guarantees immigration rights only to spouses and yet there is a growing diversity of national laws on same-sex marriage, registered partnerships and recognition of cohabitation. The Community institutions which have recently framed new legislation seem to view this as a question that can be settled by political agreement with little or no outside constraint. The book challenges this assumption. The book outlines recent developments in national legal systems and traces the development of the recent Community legislation. Then, drawing on basic ECHR principles, the place of the ECHR in Community law, and on basic Community law principles of free movement and discrimination the book argues that the right of a migrant EU Citizen to family reunification for a cohabiting partner is presumptively protected and therefore justification for refusing to admit such partners must be provided. It also considers the possible justifications for marriage-partners only immigration policies and concludes that although possible, such justifications are far from certain to succeed. The discussion also tackles the question of whether judicial activism is appropriate or whether there should be judicial deference to the legislative process recently completed. The book concludes with a wider discussion of the proper response of Community law to the increasing diversity of Member States family laws and policies beyond the field of immigration rights. The book will be of value not only to immigration lawyers, but also to those interested in partnership rights generally, as well as to a wider audience of EU lawyers, primarily academics but also graduate students and practitioners.