Manmade structures on rangelands provide specialized habitats for some species. These habitats and how they function as specialized habitat features are examined in this publication. The relationships of the wildlife of the Great Basin to such structures are detailed.

Edge can be a measure of overall diversity of any area. Diversity is considered as inherent (community/community) edge, induced cessional stage/successional stage) edge and total edge. Size of stands are related to expected wildlife diversity.

Riparian zones can be identified by the presence of vegetation that requires free or unbound water or conditions that are more moist than normal (fig. 1) (Franklin and Dyrness 1973, Minore and Smith 1971). Riparian zones can vary considerably in size and vegetative complex because of the many combinations that can be created between water sources (fig. 2) and physical characteristics of a site. Such characteristics include gradient, aspect, topography, soil, type of stream bottom, water quality, elevation, and plant community (Odum 1971). All riparian zones within managed rangelands of the western United States, however, have the following in common: (1) they create well-defined habitat zones within the much drier surrounding areas; (2) they make up a minor proportion of the overall area; (3) they are generally more productive in terms of biomass-plant and animal-than the remainder of the area; and (4) they are a critical source of diversity within rangelands (fig. 3). Carothers (1977), Carothers and Johnson (19751, and Curtis and Ripley (1975) have prepared summary papers on the subject of riparian habitats as associated with both range and forest areas.

Plant communities in the Great Basin of southeastern Oregon are described, and a field key is provided. The value of a plant communitys vertical and horizontal structure and the seasonal availability of its forage are examined in relation to wildlife habitat in managed rangelands. Further, the importance of individual and combined plant communities to wildlife in managed rangelands is discussed, and management alternatives are presented.