What are the issues discussed today by African philosophers? Four important topics are identified here as important objects of philosophical reflection on the African continent. One is the question of ontology in relation to African religions and aesthetics. Another is the question of time and, in particular, of prospective thinking and development. A third issue is the task of reconstructing the intellectual history of the continent through the examination of the question of orality but also by taking into account the often neglected tradition of written erudition in Islamic centres of learning. Timbuktu is certainly the most important and most famous of such intellectual centres. The fourth question concerns political philosophy: the concept of African socialisms is revisited and the march that led to the adoption of the African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights is examined. All these important issues are also fundamental to understanding the question of African languages and translation.

Canada's universities have lost their autonomy. Under the guise of accountability, reformers from government and large corporations have undermined the original purposes of these institutions, insisting that they operate according to a business model. The chief tool used to effect this change is the performance indicator, a method of evaluation and ranking well suited to measuring sales per square foot, for example, but useless in assessing qualities such as critical thinking, creativity and wisdom. Evaluating use of performance indicators in Canada, the United States, United Kingdom and New Zealand, the authors challenge readers to look beyond this narrow, business-based measure of value, and to consider more creative and effective methods of evaluation. Counting Out the Scholars is a penetrating analysis of current methods of performance evaluation in the university, one that offers alternatives to the prevailing orthodoxy.