This empirically and conceptually rich volume identifies the emerging dynamics in the broader areas of science, technology and R&D in China and India by identifying the principal forces and actors at work that shape the new global division of labour in the internationalization of technology and innovation.

An increase in global access to goods and knowledge is transforming world-class science and technology (S&T) by bringing it within the capability of an unprecedented number of global parties who must compete for resources, markets, and talent. In particular, globalization has facilitated the success of formal S&T plans in many developing countries, where traditional limitations can now be overcome through the accumulation and global trade of a wide variety of goods, skills, and knowledge. As a result, centers for technological research and development (R&D) are now globally dispersed, setting the stage for greater uncertainty in the political, economic, and security arenas. These changes will have a potentially enormous impact for the U.S. national security policy, which for the past half century was premised on U.S. economic and technological dominance. As the U.S. monopoly on talent and innovation wanes, arms export regulations and restrictions on visas for foreign S&T workers are becoming less useful as security strategies. The acute level of S&T competition among leading countries in the world today suggests that countries that fail to exploit new technologies or that lose the capability for proprietary use of their own new technologies will find their existing industries uncompetitive or obsolete. The increased access to information has transformed the 1950s' paradigm of "control and isolation" of information for innovation control into the current one of "engagement and partnerships" between innovators for innovation creation. Current and future strategies for S&T development need to be considered in light of these new realities. This book analyzes the S&T strategies of Japan, Brazil, Russia, India, China, and Singapore (JBRICS), six countries that have either undergone or are undergoing remarkable growth in their S&T capabilities for the purpose of identifying unique national features and how they are utilized in the evolving global S&T environment.

This book analyses the competing power politics that exists between the three major Asian powers - China, India and Japan - on infrastructural development across the Indo-Pacific. It examines the competing policies and perspectives of these Asian powers on infrastructure developmental initiatives and explores the commonalities and contradictions between them that shape their ideas and interests. In brief, the volume looks into the strategic contention that exists between China`s "Belt and Road Initiative" (BRI; earlier officially known as "One Belt, One Road" - OBOR) and Japan`s "Expanded Partnership for Quality Infrastructure" (PQI) and initiatives like the Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC) that position India`s geostrategic and geo-economic interests in between these two competing powers and their mammoth infrastructural initiatives.

Economic Reform in Asia compares and analyzes the reform and development patterns of China, India, and Japan from both historical and developmental perspectives. Sara Hsu specifically focuses on China’s reform and opening-up in 1979, India’s accelerated liberalization in 1991, and the outset of the Meiji Restoration in Japan in 1878. This detailed overview of growth patterns in Asia’s largest economies is invaluable, especially in its determination to understand which development policies work, what role institutions play in development, and what issues may arise during said development. The book first provides an overview of the countries’ development trajectories and introduces the theoretical constructs associated with them. The text focuses on key aspects of development for comparison, such as poverty and inequality, rural to urban migration, human capital, and the impact of development on the environment, trade, and economic future of these three countries. The relative success of reforms and their political and economic effects are also discussed. This comprehensive book will be of interest to students, as it provides an impressive overview of three Asian countries’ development, as well as for scholars in the field who are looking for a thoughtful and complex discussion of reform from different perspectives.

In recent years has become increasingly clear that both China and India are competing with the US for technological supremacy as well as market share. Preeg, whose credits include senior positions in finance and development in the US government as well as academic posts, gives policy makers in the private and public sectors fair warning as he analyzes the rise of science and technology in China and India, their development in trade and export competitiveness, the rise of Indian and Chinese multinational companies and their technological innovations, and the geopolitical and geostrategic dimensions of their move into technology. He also describes the response of the US, including recent international financial, trade and investment policy, domestic economic policy responses to international competition, and the future of the role of America as leader in what has become a triangular form of leadership.