This issue is a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary state-of-the-art review focusing on the athlete as a whole. The articles explore the impact of excessive activity, new therapies and performance enhancement interventions on the musculoskeletal, neurological and psychological aspects of the athlete.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics will cover a number of important topics related to Para and Adapted Sports Medicine. The issue is under the editorial direction of Drs. Yetsa Tuakli and Wayne Derman. Topics in this issue will include: Representations of self and disability through para sport; Prosthetics in para sport; Evidence-based classification of para athletes; Autonomic nervous system in para athletes with spinal cord injury; Training and performance characteristics of para swimmers; Concussion in para athletes; Engineering and technology in wheelchair sport; The Athlete with brain injury; Social inclusion through para sport; and Para athletic identity from competition to retirement.

Treating an elite athlete or a weekend player has its challenges - mainly to get them back in the game right away. This issue covers injuries and treatments for an assortment of sports: golf, running, triathalon, basketball and more. Don't miss two exciting chapters on sports psychology and performance enhancing drugs or the chapter on altitude medicine and martial arts!

Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) physicians across the country see injured runners every day. Running injuries may impact other areas of the body and PM&R physicians are trained to treat the body as a whole, as opposed to treating just the injury, they work to identify the true source of the problem and develop a training or rehabilitation program to solve it.

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Dr. David A. Lenrow, is devoted to Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Articles in this issue include: Therapeutic Exercise; Rehabilitation of Patients Post-CVA; Traumatic Brain Injury; Amputee Care; Rehabilitation of Complex Medical Patients; Cancer Rehabilitation; Care of the Patient with Spinal Cord Injury; Back and Neck Pain; Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation; Sports Medicine; Geriatric Rehabilitation; and Determination of Post-acute Hospitalization Level of Care.