Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders, affecting 14% of all people at some point in their lifetime. Women are twice as likely to become depressed as men, but beyond gender there are a variety of risk factors that influence the prevalence and likelihood of experiencing depression. Risk Factors in Depression consolidates research findings on risk factors into one source, for ease of reference for both researchers and clinicians in practice. The book divides risk factors into biological, cognitive, and social risk factors. This provides researchers with the opportunity to examine the interface among different theoretical perspectives and variables, and to look for the opportunity for more complex and explanatory models of depression. Allows reader to compare and contrast the relative states of development of different models and their databases Examines the predictive power of these models related to various phases of clinical depression, including onset, maintenance, and relapse Provides an examination of the therapeutic implications of comprehensive and integrative models of depression

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders, affecting 14% of all people at some point in their lifetime. 'Risk Factors in Depression' consolidates research findings on risk factors into one source, for ease of reference for both researchers and clinicians in practice. The book divides risk factors into biological, cognitive and social risk factors.

This book focuses on risk factors, clinical and biological characteristics, and treatment options for depression. The aim of this book is to provide readers with an up-to-date understanding of the clinical and neurobiological underpinnings of depression as well as promising treatment for depression. The book is divided into five sections, the first of which examines the clinical heterogeneity of depression. Clinical symptoms, risk factors and treatment options of depression during neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration periods differ from those of depression in adults. Section II highlights bio-psychosocial factors in depression. Major depression cannot be understood without considering the psychosocial environment. Interaction between genetic susceptibility and the psychosocial context affect the occurrence of major depression. Section III focuses on biomarkers of depression. It covers from the overview of biomarkers, focusing on diagnosis, subtyping of depression and treatment response prediction to neuroimaging, genetics, and serum markers in depression. Section IV covers neurobiology and management for treatment-resistant depression. It discusses the etiological issues of treatment-resistant depression including genetic susceptibility, structural and functional MRI markers, neurogenesis, neuroinflammation and neuromodulation treatment for treatment-resistant depression. Section V highlights new perspectives of depression. Neurotrophic hypothesis-driven BDNF-TrkB signalling pathways and downstream of neurotransmitters have attracted attention to new pharmacologic targets. Homeostatic regulation of sleep, its dysregulation in mood disorders, and updated theories between inflammations and depression are discussed. The book will provide a better understanding of clinical and biological features and the management of depression, and will also function as a step onto the path toward the ultimate goal of predicting, preventing and treating depression.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious mental health condition referring to depressive episodes beginning after childbirth. Recognising the importance of depression occurring both in pregnancy and postpartum, currently, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition classifies a depression with a peripartum onset as a depressive episode beginning during pregnancy or within the first four weeks after birth. This book provides new research on the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes that postpartum depression has on women after childbirth.

Human migration is a global phenomenon and is on the increase. It occurs as a result of 'push' factors (asylum, natural disaster), or as a result of 'pull' factors (seeking economic or educational improvement). Whatever the cause of the relocation, the outcome requires individuals to adjust to their new surroundings and cope with the stresses involved, and as a result, there is considerable potential for disruption to mental health. This volume explores all aspects of migration, on all scales, and its effect on mental health. It covers migration in the widest sense and does not limit itself to refugee studies. It covers issues specific to the elderly and the young, as well as providing practical tips for clinicians on how to improve their own cultural competence in the work setting. The book will be of interest to all mental health professionals and those involved in establishing health and social policy.