The history of projected images at the turn of the seventeenth century reveals a changing perception of chance and order, contingency and form. In Projecting Spirits, Pasi Väliaho maps how the leading optical media of the period—the camera obscura and the magic lantern—developed in response to, and framed, the era's key intellectual dilemma of whether the world fell under God's providential care, or was subject to chance and open to speculating. As Väliaho shows, camera obscuras and magic lanterns were variously employed to give the world an intelligible and manageable design. Jesuit scholars embraced devices of projection as part of their pursuit of divine government, whilst the Royal Society fellows enlisted them in their quest for empirical knowledge as well as colonial expansion. Projections of light and shadow grew into critical metaphors in early responses to the turbulences of finance. In such instances, Väliaho argues, "projection" became an indispensable cognitive form to both assert providence, and to make sense of an economic reality that was gradually escaping from divine guidance. Drawing on a range of materials—philosophical, scientific and religious literature, visual arts, correspondence, poems, pamphlets, and illustrations—this provocative and inventive work expands our concept of the early media of projection, revealing how they spoke to early modern thinkers, and shaped a new, speculative concept of the world.

The history of projected images at the turn of the seventeenth century reveals a changing perception of chance and order, contingency and form. In Projecting Spirits, Pasi Väliaho maps how the leading optical media of the period--the camera obscura and the magic lantern--developed in response to, and framed, the era's key intellectual dilemma of whether the world fell under God's providential care, or was subject to chance and open to speculating. As Väliaho shows, camera obscuras and magic lanterns were variously employed to give the world an intelligible and manageable design. Jesuit scholars embraced devices of projection as part of their pursuit of divine government, whilst the Royal Society fellows enlisted them in their quest for empirical knowledge as well as colonial expansion. Projections of light and shadow grew into critical metaphors in early responses to the turbulences of finance. In such instances, Väliaho argues, "projection" became an indispensable cognitive form to both assert providence, and to make sense of an economic reality that was gradually escaping from divine guidance. Drawing on a range of materials--philosophical, scientific and religious literature, visual arts, correspondence, poems, pamphlets, and illustrations--this provocative and inventive work expands our concept of the early media of projection, revealing how they spoke to early modern thinkers, and shaped a new, speculative concept of the world.

If The West Falls If the West Falls is the result of four years of research that began when the author learned that she was a target of US Government sponsored Organized Vigilante Stalking. Her investigation into the crime that had been committed against her led her to an understanding of the crime that is being committed by the United States government against the people of this nation and the rest of the world. The authors investigation reveals The presence of a fascist underground controlling the life of this nation and the lives of American people The plans of secret societies such as the Bilderbergers, the Trilateral Commission and the Council of Foreign relations to dissolve the national sovereignty of the United States of America The influence of the occult in public institutions and the American Christian Church Crimes being committed by US governing officials being covered up by the National Security Act including the exploitation of children Exploitation of American citizens and people around the world under the Patriot Act and the Military Commissions Act

An exploration on Bolingbroke's influence on the politics and literature of the Augustan Age.

In his richly illustrated Religion and Architecture in Premodern Indonesia Gaudenz Domenig investigates the nature of Indonesian ethnic religions by focusing on land opening rituals, sacred groves, and architectural responses to the custom of presenting offerings. Since deities and spirits were supposed to taste offerings on the spot, it was a task of architecture to attract them and to guide them into houses where offerings were presented. Domenig quotes numerous sources to show that certain material elements of the house were viewed as spirit attractors, spirit ladders or spirit pathways. Various ‘exotic’ features of Indonesian vernacular architecture thus become understandable as relics from times when architecture was still responding to indigenous religions practised in the archipelago.

This collection of information, experiences and encounters are presented to expose some of the schemes and methods used by evil to ruin and destroy lives. Since the spiritual reality is mostly invisible, and most of the methods employed by evil are not well recognized or understood, many have fallen as victims to a miserable life. This book is designed to show and illustrate how these things can occur, show methods of avoiding these types of attacks, and if captured,show how to break away and get free.

AT ONCE AN INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL ECONOMICS AND a Christian ethical examination of it, 'Free People' looks at one of the most pressing challenges facing followers of Jesus today. How does one love God and neighbor while enmeshed in a globalized economy, where our lives are networked with and impact the lives of people all around the world? Written in a highly readable style, this book defines global economics in terms a non-economist can appreciate, and describes how the global economy dominates people - from sweatshop workers in Bangladesh, to coffee farmers in Central America, to citizens of northern democracies. The second half of the book offers a fresh look at biblical insights on wealth and its usage, and at the New Testament concept of principalities and powers. Finally, 'Free People' suggests ways for Christians to live humanly in these times, by looking at the lives of specific people who - in simple, practical ways - resist the dehumanizing power of global economics.