This 3-volume book features a comprehensive collection of most significant scientific, political and speculative essays by Herbert Spencer. The first volume is made up of essays in which the idea of evolution, general or special is dominant. In the second volume essays dealing with philosophical questions, with abstract and concrete science, and with aesthetics, are brought together; but though all of them are tacitly evolutionary, their evolutionism is an incidental rather than a necessary trait. The ethical, political, and social essays composing the third volume, though mostly written from the evolution point of view, have for their more immediate purposes the enunciation of doctrines which are directly practical in their bearings._x000D_ Volume 1:_x000D_ The Development Hypothesis_x000D_ Progress: Its Law and Cause_x000D_ Transcendental Physiology_x000D_ The Nebular Hypothesis_x000D_ Illogical Geology_x000D_ Bain on the Emotions and the Will_x000D_ The Social Organism_x000D_ The Origin of Animal Worship_x000D_ Morals and Moral Sentiments_x000D_ The Comparative Psychology of Man_x000D_ Mr. Martineau on Evolution_x000D_ The Factors of Organic Evolution_x000D_ Volume 2:_x000D_ The Genesis of Science_x000D_ The Classification of the Sciences_x000D_ Reasons for Dissenting From the Philosophy of M. Comte_x000D_ On Laws in General, and the Order of Their Discovery_x000D_ The Valuation of Evidence_x000D_ What is Electricity?_x000D_ Mill versus Hamilton – The Test of Truth_x000D_ Replies to Criticisms_x000D_ Prof. Green's Explanations_x000D_ The Philosophy of Style_x000D_ Use and Beauty_x000D_ The Sources of Architectural Types_x000D_ Gracefulness_x000D_ Personal Beauty_x000D_ The Origin and Function of Music_x000D_ The Physiology of Laughter_x000D_ Volume 3:_x000D_ Manners and Fashion_x000D_ Railway Morals and Railway Policy_x000D_ The Morals of Trade_x000D_ Prison-ethics_x000D_ The Ethics of Kant_x000D_ Absolute Political Ethics_x000D_ Over-legislation_x000D_ Representative Government – What is It Good for?_x000D_ State-tamperings With Money and Banks_x000D_ Parliamentary Reform: the Dangers and the Safeguards_x000D_ "The Collective Wisdom"_x000D_ Political Fetichism_x000D_ Specialized Administration_x000D_ From Freedom to Bondage_x000D_ The Americans

This 3-volume book features a comprehensive collection of most significant scientific, political and speculative essays by Herbert Spencer. The first volume is made up of essays in which the idea of evolution, general or special is dominant. In the second volume essays dealing with philosophical questions, with abstract and concrete science, and with aesthetics, are brought together; but though all of them are tacitly evolutionary, their evolutionism is an incidental rather than a necessary trait. The ethical, political, and social essays composing the third volume, though mostly written from the evolution point of view, have for their more immediate purposes the enunciation of doctrines which are directly practical in their bearings. Volume 1: The Development Hypothesis Progress: Its Law and Cause Transcendental Physiology The Nebular Hypothesis Illogical Geology Bain on the Emotions and the Will The Social Organism The Origin of Animal Worship Morals and Moral Sentiments The Comparative Psychology of Man Mr. Martineau on Evolution The Factors of Organic Evolution Volume 2: The Genesis of Science The Classification of the Sciences Reasons for Dissenting From the Philosophy of M. Comte On Laws in General, and the Order of Their Discovery The Valuation of Evidence What is Electricity? Mill versus Hamilton – The Test of Truth Replies to Criticisms Prof. Green's Explanations The Philosophy of Style Use and Beauty The Sources of Architectural Types Gracefulness Personal Beauty The Origin and Function of Music The Physiology of Laughter Volume 3: Manners and Fashion Railway Morals and Railway Policy The Morals of Trade Prison-ethics The Ethics of Kant Absolute Political Ethics Over-legislation Representative Government – What is It Good for? State-tamperings With Money and Banks Parliamentary Reform: the Dangers and the Safeguards "The Collective Wisdom" Political Fetichism Specialized Administration From Freedom to Bondage The Americans

• The first detailed study of this huge mainline through its operational history • Features extended commentaries from the authors, rich in detail • Superbly illustrated with black and white photographs, many never seen before In this second and final volume, the whole of the East Coast Main Line between King’s Cross and Edinburgh Waverley stations is examined closely, with a particular emphasis on the ways and structures: the line, stations, connections, yards, and other physical features. Interposed are accounts of the traffic at the principal stations – including connecting and branch line services – with observations on changes over the period 1939 to 1959. Some emphasis is placed on freight traffic on account of its importance and, perhaps, its relative unfamiliarity to the reader. The lines, stations and many other elements are described as they were in August 1939, but as some plans on which they are based are dated before the late 1930s, there may be marginal differences from the precise layout in 1939.

"Do not think of the Pennsylvania Railroad as a business enterprise," Forbes magazine informed its readers in May 1936. "Think of it as a nation." At the end of the nineteenth century, the Pennsylvania Railroad was the largest privately owned business corporation in the world. In 1914, the PRR employed more than two hundred thousand people—more than double the number of soldiers in the United States Army. As the self-proclaimed "Standard Railroad of the World," this colossal corporate body underwrote American industrial expansion and shaped the economic, political, and social environment of the United States. In turn, the PRR was fundamentally shaped by the American landscape, adapting to geography as well as shifts in competitive economics and public policy. Albert J. Churella's masterful account, certain to become the authoritative history of the Pennsylvania Railroad, illuminates broad themes in American history, from the development of managerial practices and labor relations to the relationship between business and government to advances in technology and transportation. Churella situates exhaustive archival research on the Pennsylvania Railroad within the social, economic, and technological changes of nineteenth- and twentieth-century America, chronicling the epic history of the PRR intertwined with that of a developing nation. This first volume opens with the development of the Main Line of Public Works, devised by Pennsylvanians in the 1820s to compete with the Erie Canal. Though a public rather than a private enterprise, the Main Line foreshadowed the establishment of the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1846. Over the next decades, as the nation weathered the Civil War, industrial expansion, and labor unrest, the PRR expanded despite competition with rival railroads and disputes with such figures as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller. The dawn of the twentieth century brought a measure of stability to the railroad industry, enabling the creation of such architectural monuments as Pennsylvania Station in New York City. The volume closes at the threshold of American involvement in World War I, as the strategies that PRR executives had perfected in previous decades proved less effective at guiding the company through increasingly tumultuous economic and political waters.