Native Americans loved to play games. From the United States to Mexico to Canada, tribes everywhere played games as part of their rituals, to cure diseases, to make crops grow, or sometimes, just for the pure fun of the sport. This book discusses the types of games played by various tribes in specific regions. It also explains how these games were played, and the significance-religious and social-of each contest.

“Neither the highly commercialized nature of professional sports today nor the more casual attitude prevailing in amateur activities captures the essence of Indian sport,” writes Joseph B. Oxendine. Through sport, Indians sought blessings from a higher spirit. Sport that evolved from religious rites retained a spiritual dimension, as seen in the attitude and manner of preparing and participating. In American Indian Sports Heritage, Oxendine discusses the history and importance in everyday life of ball games (especially lacrosse), running, archery, swimming, snow snake, hoop-and-pole, and games of chance. Indians gained nationwide visibility as athletes in baseball and football; the teams at boarding schools such as the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania and the Haskell Institute in Kansas were especially famous. Oxendine describes the apex of Indian sports during the first three decades of the twentieth century and chronicles the decline since. He looks at the career of the legendary Jim Thorpe and provides brief biographies of other Indian athletes before and after 1930.

This text offers a considerate and critical account of the Native American sporting experience. It challenges popular images of indigenous athletes and athletics exploring social categories, particularly gender and race and their implications.

Rich collection of 150 authentic American Indian games for boys and girls of all ages: running, relay, kicking, throwing and rolling, tossing and catching, guessing, group-challenge and many other games. 74 black-and-white illustrations.

Offers full coverage of Native American athletes and athletics from historical, cultual and indigenous perspectives, from before European intervention to the 21st century. There are entries devoted to broader cultural themes, and how these affect and are affected by the sport.

The most complete work ever prepared on the subject — based on museum collections, travel and ethnographic accounts, and author's own research. Covers over 200 tribes and everything from games of chance and dexterity to such minor amusements as shuttlecock and tipcat. Bureau of American Ethnology report worth a substantial sum in original edition. 1,112 figures.

A topical discussion of the controversial use of American Indian mascots by college-level and professional sports teams.