Multi-scale modelling of composites is a very relevant topic in composites science. This is illustrated by the numerous sessions in the recent European and International Conferences on Composite Materials, but also by the fast developments in multi-scale modelling software tools, developed by large industrial players such as Siemens (Virtual Material Characterization toolkit and MultiMechanics virtual testing software), MSC/e-Xstream (Digimat software), Simulia (micromechanics plug-in in Abaqus), HyperSizer (Multi-scale design of composites), Altair (Altair Multiscale Designer) This book is intended to be an ideal reference on the latest advances in multi-scale modelling of fibre-reinforced polymer composites, that is accessible for both (young) researchers and end users of modelling software. We target three main groups: This book aims at a complete introduction and overview of the state-of-the-art in multi-scale modelling of composites in three axes: • ranging from prediction of homogenized elastic properties to nonlinear material behaviour • ranging from geometrical models for random packing of unidirectional fibres over meso-scale geometries for textile composites to orientation tensors for short fibre composites • ranging from damage modelling of unidirectionally reinforced composites over textile composites to short fibre-reinforced composites The book covers the three most important scales in multi-scale modelling of composites: (i) micro-scale, (ii) meso-scale and (iii) macro-scale. The nano-scale and related atomistic and molecular modelling approaches are deliberately excluded, since the book wants to focus on continuum mechanics and there are already a lot of dedicated books about polymer nanocomposites. A strong focus is put on physics-based damage modelling, in the sense that the chapters devote attention to modelling the different damage mechanisms (matrix cracking, fibre/matrix debonding, delamination, fibre fracture,...) in such a way that the underlying physics of the initiation and growth of these damage modes is respected. The book also gives room to not only discuss the finite element based approaches for multi-scale modelling, but also much faster methods that are popular in industrial software, such as Mean Field Homogenization methods (based on Mori-Tanaka and Eshelby solutions) and variational methods (shear lag theory and more advanced theories). Since the book targets a wide audience, the focus is put on the most common numerical approaches that are used in multi-scale modelling. Very specialized numerical methods like peridynamics modelling, Material Point Method, eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM), isogeometric analysis, SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics),... are excluded. Outline of the book The book is divided in three large parts, well balanced with each a similar number of chapters:

This book presents the state-of-the-art in multiscale modeling and simulation techniques for composite materials and structures. It focuses on the structural and functional properties of engineering composites and the sustainable high performance of components and structures. The multiscale techniques can be also applied to nanocomposites which are important application areas in nanotechnology. There are few books available on this topic.

Multiscale Modeling Approaches for Composites outlines the fundamentals of common multiscale modeling techniques and provides detailed guidance for putting them into practice. Various homogenization methods are presented in a simple, didactic manner, with an array of numerical examples. The book starts by covering the theoretical underpinnings of tensors and continuum mechanics concepts, then passes to actual micromechanic techniques for composite media and laminate plates. In the last chapters the book covers advanced topics in homogenization, including Green’s tensor, Hashin-Shtrikman bounds, and special types of problems. All chapters feature comprehensive analytical and numerical examples (Python and ABAQUS scripts) to better illustrate the theory. Bridges theory and practice, providing step-by-step instructions for implementing multiscale modeling approaches for composites and the theoretical concepts behind them Covers boundary conditions, data-exchange between scales, the Hill-Mandel principle, average stress and strain theorems, and more Discusses how to obtain composite properties using different boundary conditions Includes access to a companion site, featuring the numerical examples, Python and ABACUS codes discussed in the book

This book explores damage growth and fracture processes in cementitious, ceramic, polymer and metal matrix composites, integrating properties like stiffness and strength with observation at below macroscopic scale. Advances in multiscale modelling and analysis pertain directly to materials which either have a range of relevant microstructural scales, like metals, or do not have a well-defined microstructure, like cementitious or ceramic composites.

Modeling Damage, Fatigue and Failure of Composite Materials, Second Edition provides the latest research in the field of composite materials, an area that has attracted a wealth of research, with significant interest in the areas of damage, fatigue, and failure. The book is fully updated, and is a comprehensive source of physics-based models for the analysis of progressive and critical failure phenomena in composite materials. It focuses on materials modeling while also reviewing treatments for analyzing failure in composite structures. Sections review damage development in composite materials such as generic damage and damage accumulation in textile composites and under multiaxial loading. Part Two focuses on the modeling of failure mechanisms in composite materials, with attention given to fiber/matrix cracking and debonding, compression failure, and delamination fracture. Final sections examine the modeling of damage and materials response in composite materials, including micro-level and multi-scale approaches, the failure analysis of composite materials and joints, and the applications of predictive failure models. Provides a comprehensive source of physics-based models for the analysis of progressive and critical failure phenomena in composite materials Assesses failure and life prediction in composite materials Discusses the applications of predictive failure models such as computational approaches to failure analysis Covers further developments in computational analyses and experimental techniques, along with new applications in aerospace, automotive, and energy (wind turbine blades) fields Covers delamination and thermoplastic-based composites

Communication based on the internet of things (IoT) generates huge amounts of data from sensors over time, which opens a wide range of applications and areas for researchers. The application of analytics, machine learning, and deep learning techniques over such a large volume of data is a very challenging task. Therefore, it is essential to find patterns, retrieve novel insights, and predict future behavior using this large amount of sensory data. Artificial intelligence (AI) has an important role in facilitating analytics and learning in the IoT devices. Applying AI-Based IoT Systems to Simulation-Based Information Retrieval provides relevant frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in the area. It is ideal for professionals who wish to improve their understanding of the strategic role of trust at different levels of the information and knowledge society and trust at the levels of the global economy, networks and organizations, teams and work groups, information systems, and individuals as actors in the networked environments. Covering topics such as blockchain visualization, computer-aided drug discovery, and health monitoring, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for business leaders and executives, IT managers, security professionals, data scientists, students and faculty of higher education, librarians, hospital administrators, researchers, and academicians.

PROPERTIES FOR DESIGN OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES A comprehensive guide to analytical methods and source code to predict the behavior of undamaged and damaged composite materials In Properties for Design of Composite Structures: Theory and Implementation Using Software, distinguished researcher Dr. Neil McCartney delivers a unique and insightful approach to the development of predictive methods for the properties of undamaged and damaged laminated composite materials. The book focuses on presenting compact analytical formulae for several important effective properties—including mechanical, thermal, and electrical—that can be applied to a variety of reinforcement geometries. The author introduces a compact notation that enables an explicit treatment of laminate property determination, including the out-of-plane shear properties required for three-dimensional numerical simulations of structural features using finite and boundary element analyses. There is also a detailed consideration of ply crack closure and a useful study of the interrelationships between the effective thermoelastic constants of damaged laminates. The book also offers: A thorough introduction to the principles and formulae for homogenous materials and applications, including continuum and fracture concepts for homogeneous materials A comprehensive exploration of the properties of undamaged composites, including undamaged composite materials with multiple phases and the properties of a single undamaged lamina Practical discussions of the properties of damaged composites, including matrix cracking in UD composites and damaged laminates Consideration of effects of delamination, fatigue, and environmentally induced damage In-depth examinations of derivations of key results, including the analysis of bridged cracks and stress transfer mechanics for cross-ply and general symmetric laminates Perfect for composite design engineers in all types of material-supplying industries and manufacturing companies, Properties for Design of Composite Structures: Theory and Implementation Using Software will also earn a place in the libraries of undergraduate and graduate students in engineering, aerospace, and materials departments.