John Clarke and His Legacies is the first full-length biography of John Clarke (1609&–76), a principal founder of colonial Rhode Island. Although Roger Williams usually gets most of the attention, Sydney James shows that Clarke made a lasting contribution to the colony&—perhaps more so than Williams. Williams was the first Baptist minister in America, but he left his church after a very short time. And although Williams won the first charter for Rhode Island, the charter soon had to be replaced. Clarke, however, founded the first Baptist church in Newport, where he continued to contribute to the Baptist community. And in 1663 he procured the royal charter that would remain the foundation of government in Rhode Island until 1842. This inquiry into Clarke's life engages a variety of intriguing topics. It surveys a formative stage in American Baptist history, one that spurned dependency upon government more thoroughly than any part of the United States does today. Through the experience of Clark, we see pioneering American religious volunteerism, problems of church-state relations, and the peculiar nature of colonial relations with the parent country.

English and American Baptists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries lived in two worlds. In one world, established churches were the norm and persecution was the means by which such churches and the civil governments dealt with religious dissenters. Yet these Baptists also lived in another world in which God's kingdom ruled and the sword of the Spirit (the Bible), not the sword of Caesar, settled religious disputes. When their two worlds collided, and they often did, many Baptists chose to go to prison rather than to violate their consciences by worshipping in churches that they abhorred, by listening to ministers whom they did not choose, and by submitting their spiritual lives to earthly magistrates. Early Baptists knew that they could avoid prison and other hardships if they yielded to the pressures of political and ecclesiastical authorities to conform. Many Baptists considered such yielding as a retreat from their cause and their God, believing that retreat would have been spiritually fatal. They chose instead to move forward in their faith, although it might cost them dearly. Thus, rather than retreat, these courageous Baptists advanced, some to prison and then back to freedom, others to jail and then to the grave. All, however, did so because, like Thomas Hardcastle, they knew that "There is no armor for the back." Baptists who graced numerous prisons and jails in England and in the American colonies did not remain silent, however, for they continued to preach and to write letters, poems, and books. These Baptists stated their cases without any self-pity and interpreted their persecutions as the natural consequences of professing their faith in Christ.

"Extensively documented with well-chosen, good quality photographs, Clarke's book effectively surveys these representative examples from the Late Republic to the Late Empire, illustrating the shift in the agendas of decoration as well as in the patterns of the lives played out behind closed doors within these highly charged domestic interiors."—Richard Brilliant, author of Visual Narratives: Storytelling in Etruscan & Roman Art "An enlightening and engaging walk through Roman cultural history. . . .This book will be essential to anyone interested in the classical past, in artistic ensembles, or in the experience of architecture."—Diane Favro, University of California, Los Angeles "Real experts in Roman painting are few. This book should be very welcome to Roman art historians and social historians wanting to present this material to their students."—Eleanor Winsor Leach, author of The Rhetoric of Space

"John Clarke, one of the founders of Rhode Island, lived in a world very different from ours, a world of wonders, of religious explanations for natural and social events, of new beginnings and profound dislocation in his native country. He remains a more remote figure than Roger Williams or Samuel Gorton. Nonetheless, John Clarke had family and wives, friends and enemies, as well as communities of faith in American and in England. This book explores these connections as well as the settings of John Clarke's life: the village in which he grew up, the towns he helped to found in Rhode Island, and the vast metropolis of London in which he won the Rhode Island charter of 1663. Against the passionate opposition of Rhode Island's neighbors, John Clarke's championship of toleration of religion helped to make it one of America's core principles"--Dust jacket.

Martyrs' Mirror examines the folklore of martyrdom among seventeenth-century New England Protestants, exploring how they imagined themselves within biblical and historical narratives of persecution. Memories of martyrdom, especially stories of the Protestants killed during the reign of Queen Mary in the mid-sixteenth century, were central to a model of holiness and political legitimacy. The colonists of early New England drew on this historical imagination in order to strengthen their authority in matters of religion during times of distress. By examining how the notions of persecution and martyrdom move in and out of the writing of the period, Adrian Chastain Weimer finds that the idea of the true church as a persecuted church infused colonial identity. Though contested, the martyrs formed a shared heritage, and fear of being labeled a persecutor, or even admiration for a cheerful sufferer, could serve to inspire religious tolerance. The sense of being persecuted also allowed colonists to avoid responsibility for aggression against Algonquian tribes. Surprisingly, those wishing to defend maltreated Christian Algonquians wrote their history as a continuation of the persecutions of the true church. This examination of the historical imagination of martyrdom contributes to our understanding of the meaning of suffering and holiness in English Protestant culture, of the significance of religious models to debates over political legitimacy, and of the cultural history of persecution and tolerance.

Dolor Davis, master carpenter, arrived in Massachusetts from England in 1634 CE. Thousands of his direct descendants currently live in America. The author has spent 25 years researching historical documents in England to shed new light on Dolor's life before he immigrated to New England. The author's research results both corrects and updates all previous books and genealogies previously written about Dolor and his wife, Margery (Willard) Davis, including the first accurately published vital statistics for their four "English-born" children, and their residences within Sussex County, England. Nicholas Davis, international merchant mariner, is the author's 8th-great grandfather who lived near his relative, Dolor Davis, in Barnstable, Massachusetts from 1643 CE to 1670 CE. The bulk of this ebook covers the fascinating lives of Nicholas Davis, his family, and many of his descendants. The reader will discover how "Quaker" Nicholas Davis positively impacted the formation of New England's Colonies through his honest trading relationships, his deep friendship with the native Wampanoag people, and by his philanthropy. Included in this ebook are very interesting stories and first hand accounts of Nicholas Davis' descendants who were abducted by pirates, and who survived perilous seafaring journeys to South America, among other narratives.