Proper designation of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) is a highly important spatial measure in any management of fishery resources. EFH is defined as those waters and substrates necessary to fish for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity, a definition that includes the physical, chemical and biological properties of marine areas and the associated sediment and biological assemblages that sustain fish populations throughout their full life cycle. This book presents latest advances in EFH mapping and modelling and introduces the environmental approach to EFH identification through the combined use of latest technologies and advanced techniques, such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Statistics. The contents of this book include overviews and comparisons of different approaches on species habitat modelling, methods to identify teleconnection patterns between large-scale meteo-oceanic phenomena and local environmental variation, and EFH maps for cephalopod, shrimp, hake, anchovy, sardine, and swordfish resources in the Mediterranean. The aims of this book are to provide accumulated knowledge on marine species essential habitat mapping and to be a source for further developments in the important topic of marine resource management.

Once, a resident living on the coast of Tamban, Malang district, asked me about the safety of his family living on the coast of Tamban, which had been threatened by tsunami three times. I told the resident that the tsunami that would hit the coast of Tamban could not be predicted, whether or not it would arrive as expected. I explained that the sea level rise and land subsidence continue to occur on the Tamban coast. I described it "unpredictable". The resident's questions pose a challenge for me and the research team to prepare policy inputs for local governments regarding disaster control efforts at Tamban beach, Malang Regency. Our research team submitted a proposal to the Education Fund Management Institute (LPDP) which is under the supervision of the Ministry of Finance with the title "AN INTEGRATED MODEL OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION MANAGEMENT IN TAMBAN BEACH AREA, MALANG REGENCY". Alhamdulillah, the proposal was approved by LPDP. The research started from November 2021 to November 2022. One of the outputs of the research is compiled textbooks. This textbook provides a framework for dealing with flood control efforts. Therefore, this book is a textbook for researchers, students, and anyone interested in controlling other tsunami and tidal floods due to anthropogenic processes and tidal flooding. The purpose of this textbook is to provide information about the theory and how it is implemented in the field. This course is an integral part of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management (PWPLT) course. The contents of this book emphasize the introduction of elements of coastal ecosystems, the framework for designing coastal areas in the context of disaster mitigation and adaptation, methodologies, applications and analysis results in the form of application methods and policy formulations for the government to tackle disasters in coastal areas. Criticism and suggestions from various parties are welcomed for the improvement of this book. We would like to thank those who participated in making this textbook possible. We hope that all of their contributions are accepted by God the Almighty. I also thank Mega Amelia and Nurul Azizah Laili of the 2019 Marine Science Study Program who completed the format of this book. Amen. Rudianto and Guntur

Many fish species in the Baltic Sea are dependent on shallow and sheltered near-shore habitats for their spawning, nursery, feeding and migration. Still, the role of these essential fish habitats, EFH, for the development and support for fish production has received little attention. As coastal EFH often are found in areas heavily impacted by humans, they are subject to many threats and therefore management needs are urgent. EFH also provide and support important ecosystem services and are included in national/international agreements and legislative acts. Despite this, the conservation status of EFH is generally poor in the region. Due to these shortcomings and needs, a workshop was set up to review the importance and protection of as well as threats to coastal EFH in the Baltic Sea. This report describes the outcome of the workshop and future directions for work in this research area.