Focusing on the period between the 1970s and the present, Life as Surplus is a pointed and important study of the relationship between politics, economics, science, and cultural values in the United States today. Melinda Cooper demonstrates that the history of biotechnology cannot be understood without taking into account the simultaneous rise of neoliberalism as a political force and an economic policy. From the development of recombinant DNA technology in the 1970s to the second Bush administration's policies on stem cell research, Cooper connects the utopian polemic of free-market capitalism with growing internal contradictions of the commercialized life sciences. The biotech revolution relocated economic production at the genetic, microbial, and cellular level. Taking as her point of departure the assumption that life has been drawn into the circuits of value creation, Cooper underscores the relations between scientific, economic, political, and social practices. In penetrating analyses of Reagan-era science policy, the militarization of the life sciences, HIV politics, pharmaceutical imperialism, tissue engineering, stem cell science, and the pro-life movement, the author examines the speculative impulses that have animated the growth of the bioeconomy. At the very core of the new post-industrial economy is the transformation of biological life into surplus value. Life as Surplus offers a clear assessment of both the transformative, therapeutic dimensions of the contemporary life sciences and the violence, obligation, and debt servitude crystallizing around the emerging bioeconomy.

What is Economic Surplus In conventional economics, the term "economic surplus," which is often referred to as "total welfare," "total social welfare," or "Maryland surplus," refers to one of two values that are related to one another:Consumer surplus, also known as consumers' surplus, refers to the monetary benefit that consumers acquire as a result of being able to purchase a product at a price that is lower than the highest price that they would be willing to pay for that commodity.The amount of money that producers make when they sell their goods at a market price that is greater than the lowest price at which they would be willing to sell them is known as the producer surplus, sometimes known as the producers' surplus. This amount is essentially equivalent to the term "profit." How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Economic surplus Chapter 2: Monopoly Chapter 3: Perfect competition Chapter 4: Supply and demand Chapter 5: Effect of taxes and subsidies on price Chapter 6: Deadweight loss Chapter 7: Price discrimination Chapter 8: Profit maximization Chapter 9: Elasticity (economics) Chapter 10: Economic equilibrium Chapter 11: Allocative efficiency Chapter 12: Price elasticity of supply Chapter 13: Demand curve Chapter 14: Marginal revenue Chapter 15: Price floor Chapter 16: Tax wedge Chapter 17: Tax incidence Chapter 18: Demand Chapter 19: Supply (economics) Chapter 20: Excess supply Chapter 21: Cost-of-living index (II) Answering the public top questions about economic surplus. (III) Real world examples for the usage of economic surplus in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Economic Surplus.

This work provides a consistent and empirically meaningful definition of surplus and suggests an analytical framework for studying economic growth and stagnation using that concept. The book also presents a case study of the role of surplus in economic growth. In the first part of the work, a method is developed emphasizing the links to classical economic theory and the logical flaws of the earlier works. The second part examines the role of surplus in one country, and tests the classical hypotheses about growth in the long run and in a cross-section of countries.

Explores the role of risk and uncertainty in human economics within an interdisciplinary an cross-cultural framework.

In this book, János Kornai examines capitalism as an economic system and in comparison to socialism. The two essays of this book will explore these differing ideologies on macro and micro levels, ending with definitive explanations of how the systems work and how they develop.

This book explores the social and economic impact of the sharing economy- of taxis, apartments, and other goods and services- in China, and how the sharing economy can allow for supply-side economic reform. The sharing economy is in the ascendant in China, and significant achievements have been made in innovation in leasing, travel and other fields. This book predicts that this economic tide, which has affected hundreds of millions of people, will inject a powerful new momentum into China's economic growth, help China's economy achieve "power conversion" and turn the service industry into the "main engine" of economic growth. This book will interest China watchers, economists, and scholars of the technology sector.

Reimagining our global economy so it becomes more sustainable and prosperous for all Our global economic system is broken. But we can replace the current picture of global upheaval, unsustainability, and uncertainty with one of an economy that works for all people, and the planet. First, we must eliminate rising income inequality within societies where productivity and wage growth has slowed. Second, we must reduce the dampening effect of monopoly market power wielded by large corporations on innovation and productivity gains. And finally, the short-sighted exploitation of natural resources that is corroding the environment and affecting the lives of many for the worse must end. The debate over the causes of the broken economy—laissez-faire government, poorly managed globalization, the rise of technology in favor of the few, or yet another reason—is wide open. Stakeholder Capitalism: A Global Economy that Works for Progress, People and Planet argues convincingly that if we don't start with recognizing the true shape of our problems, our current system will continue to fail us. To help us see our challenges more clearly, Schwab—the Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum—looks for the real causes of our system's shortcomings, and for solutions in best practices from around the world in places as diverse as China, Denmark, Ethiopia, Germany, Indonesia, New Zealand, and Singapore. And in doing so, Schwab finds emerging examples of new ways of doing things that provide grounds for hope, including: Individual agency: how countries and policies can make a difference against large external forces A clearly defined social contract: agreement on shared values and goals allows government, business, and individuals to produce the most optimal outcomes Planning for future generations: short-sighted presentism harms our shared future, and that of those yet to be born Better measures of economic success: move beyond a myopic focus on GDP to more complete, human-scaled measures of societal flourishing By accurately describing our real situation, Stakeholder Capitalism is able to pinpoint achievable ways to deal with our problems. Chapter by chapter, Professor Schwab shows us that there are ways for everyone at all levels of society to reshape the broken pieces of the global economy and—country by country, company by company, and citizen by citizen—glue them back together in a way that benefits us all.