Around 700 Useful Formal Words and Their Meanings --- Formal words are used in 'official language. These words are used in 'official' or formal writing. In this book, you will study and learn useful formal words, the names of parts of speech they belong to and their meanings. ----- Sample This: Formal Words - A -- 01 -- abandonment [n.] -- (a). the act of leaving a person, place or thing without intending to return --- (b). the act of giving up a practice, a course of action or a way of thinking completely and permanently [synonyms: desertion, forsaking] --- 02 -- abate [v.] -- to become less strong or widespread; to make something less strong or widespread. [synonyms: decline, subside] --- 03 -- abhorrence [n.] -- a feeling of strong hate for a way of thinking or behaving for moral reasons [synonyms: detestation, disgust, hatred, loathing, repugnance] --- 04 -- abstemious [adj.] -- not allowing yourself to indulge too much in enjoyable activities such as eating food or drinking alcohol [synonym: ascetic] --- 05 -- abstraction [n.] -- (a). a general idea or quality rather than a real person, object, event or situation --- (b). the state of thinking deeply about sth and lacking concentration or not paying attention to what is happening around one. [synonyms: absentmindedness, inattentiveness, distractedness] --- 06 -- abstruse [adj.] -- complicated and difficult to understand especially when could be explained in an easier way [synonyms: perplexing, puzzling] --- 07 -- abut [v.] -- (of an area of land or a building) to be next to sth or to have a common boundary with the side of sth [synonym: adjoin] --- 08 -- abyss [n.] -- (a). a very deep wide crack or opening in the ground --- 09 -- acclamation [n.] -- loud, noisy and enthusiastic approval or welcome [synonyms: approbation, commendation] --- 10 -- ache [v.] -- (b). to have a strong desire for sb/sth or to do sth --- 11 -- acme [n.] -- the highest point or stage of development, achievement or the most excellent example of sth [synonyms: peak, summit, zenith] --- 12 -- acolyte [n.] -- a person who attends, follows and helps a leader --- 13 -- aesthete [n.] -- a person who has a love, understanding, sensitivity and appreciation of works of art and beautiful things --- 14 -- affecting [adj.] -- producing strong feelings of distress, pity, regret, sorrow, or sympathy, etc. --- 15 -- aged [adj.] -- very old; grown old [synonym: matured] --- 16 -- aggrandize [v.] -- to increase power, wealth, importance or status of a person or country [synonyms: enhance, extend] --- 17 -- airy [adj.] -- (a). showing no worry about sth or not treating sth as serious --- (b). -- not serious or practical --- 18 -- akin [adj.] -- (a). having some of the essential same qualities [synonym: similar] --- (b). related by blood --- 19 -- allusive [adj.] -- containing a word or phrase that makes a reference to a specific person, event, place, etc. in an indirect way --- 20 -- aloft [adv.] -- high up in or into the air; far above the ground [synonym: overhead] --- 21 -- amid (prep.] -- (a). in the middle or course of something (b). surrounded by sth --- 22 -- amity [n.] -- a friendly relationship [synonyms: concord, harmony] --- 23 -- anew [adv.] -- (a). again but in a new or different and more positive way --- (b). once more [synonym: again] --- 24 -- anodyne [adj.] -- not likely to cause disagreement or offense; not expressing strong opinions [synonyms: bland, insipid] --- (b). capable of relieving pain --- 25 -- antagonistically (adv.) -- In a manner that shows or feels dislike or opposition [synonym: hostility] --- 26 -- arcane [adj.] -- strange, secret and mysterious and therefore knowable or understandable only to a few people [synonyms: esoteric, unfathomable] --- 27 -- artifice [n.] -- the clever use of tricks to cheat or deceive sb [synonyms: deception, pretense] --- (b). a skilled piece of workmanship

What are “Informal Words?” Informal Words are connected with normal communication to your colleagues, acquaintances, family members, etc. Informal words are more common in speech than in writing. Informal words are used in the ‘unofficial’ language. These words are not used in ‘official’ or formal writing. This book covers around 1400 Informal words (including the name of parts of speech they belong to) and their meanings NOTE: Many informal words are used in both American and British English in the same way. However, some informal words are particularly used in American English only. Similarly, some informal words are particularly used in British English only. Sample This: Informal Words– A A1 [adjective] -- very good abs [noun] -- the muscles of the abdomen ace [adjective | noun] -- very good | number one achy [adjective] -- affected by an uninterrupted pain that is small in degree ack-ack [noun] -- the non-stop firing of guns at aircraft ad [noun] -- advertisement adman [noun] -- a person who works in advertising or promotion adore [verb] -- to be very fond of something aggravate [verb] -- to intentionally irritate somebody a gogo [adjective] -- in large quantities airhead [noun] -- an unintelligent or stupid person all [adverb] -- enormously allergic [adjective] -- having an aversion of somebody/something all right [adverb] -- used to emphasize something almighty [adjective] -- enormous or severe alphabet soup [noun] -- an extremely difficult language with abbreviations or symbols ammo [noun] -- ammunition [supply of bullets, etc; very important information for argument] amp [noun] -- amplifier [a type of electrical device] appalling [adjective] -- extremely bad or poor arm candy [noun] -- a beautiful woman accompanied by a man in a public event arm-twisting [noun] -- the use of physical power or great pressure to convince somebody to do something artsy (arty) [adjective] -- enormously interested in the arts artsy-fartsy (arty-farty) [adjective] -- connected with the arts Aussie [noun] -- a person or native from Australia awful [adjective] -- very bad | used to emphasize a large quantity or sum of something ax (axe) [verb] -- to kill somebody with an ax (axe) | to get rid of a scheme, service, system, etc. | to dismiss somebody from their job *********** INFORMAL WORDS -- Particularly Used In AMERICAN ENGLISH: ace [verb] -- to be successful all-nighter [noun] -- a time when somebody stays awake all night, mainly for studying ambulance chaser [noun] -- a lawyer connected with cases of accident claims amped [adjective] -- excited antsy [adjective] -- unable to keep still any [adverb] -- ‘at all’ [used at the end of negative sentences] A-OK [adjective] -- in satisfactory or perfect condition, manner or style. attaboy / attagirl [exclamation] -- used to admire or encourage a boy or man/girl or woman awesome [adjective] -- first-rate, excellent or pleasurable awful [adverb] -- extremely or enormously INFORMAL WORDS -- Particularly Used In BRITISH ENGLISH: admin [noun] -- Administration [activities connected with organizing something] afters [noun] -- a sweet dish that is eaten after a meal ages -- [noun] a very long time aggro [noun] -- cruel, hostile and aggressive behavior airy-fairy [adjective] -- impractical, unreasonable, unclear all right [exclamation] -- used to say hello all-singing, all-dancing [adjective] -- (of a machine) having advanced features anorak [noun] -- a boring person who is very fond of learning facts or collecting things appro [noun] -- on approval [connected with shopping activities] argy-bargy [noun] -- noisy argument or difference of opinions

2600 Useful Formal Words and Their Meanings Formal words are used in the official language. These words are used in ‘official’ or formal writing. In this book, you will study and learn useful formal words, the names of parts of speech they belong to and their meanings. || Sample This: Formal Words -- A 01 -- abandonment [n.] -- (a). the act of leaving a person, place or thing without intending to return | (b). the act of giving up a practice, a course of action or a way of thinking completely and permanently [synonyms: desertion, forsaking] 02 -- abate [v.] -- to become less strong or widespread; to make something less strong or widespread. [synonyms: decline, subside] 03 -- abhorrence [n.] -- a feeling of strong hate for a way of thinking or behaving for moral reasons [synonyms: detestation, disgust, hatred, loathing, repugnance] 04 -- abstemious [adj.] -- not allowing yourself to indulge too much in enjoyable activities such as eating food or drinking alcohol [synonym: ascetic] 05 -- abstraction [n.] -- (a). a general idea or quality rather than a real person, object, event or situation | (b). the state of thinking deeply about sth and lacking concentration or not paying attention to what is happening around one. [synonyms: absentmindedness, inattentiveness, distractedness] 06 -- abstruse [adj.] -- complicated and difficult to understand especially when it could be explained in an easier way [synonyms: perplexing, puzzling] 07 -- abut [v.] -- (of an area of land or a building) to be next to sth or to have a common boundary with the side of sth [synonym: adjoin] 08 -- abyss [n.] -- (a). a very deep wide crack or opening in the ground 09 -- acclamation [n.] -- loud, noisy and enthusiastic approval or welcome [synonyms: approbation, commendation] 10 -- ache [v.] -- (b). to have a strong desire for sb/sth or to do sth 11 -- acme [n.] -- the highest point or stage of development, achievement or the most excellent example of sth [synonyms: peak, summit, zenith] 12 -- acolyte [n.] -- a person who attends, follows and helps a leader 13 -- aesthete [n.] -- a person who has a love, understanding, sensitivity and appreciation of works of art and beautiful things 14 -- affecting [adj.] -- producing strong feelings of distress, pity, regret, sorrow, or sympathy, etc. 15 -- aged [adj.] -- very old; grown old [synonym: matured] 16 -- aggrandize [v.] -- to increase power, wealth, importance or status of a person or country [synonyms: enhance, extend] 17 -- airy [adj.] -- (a). showing no worry about sth or not treating sth as serious | (b). -- not serious or practical 18 -- akin [adj.] -- (a). having some of the essential same qualities [synonym: similar] | (b). related by blood 19 -- allusive [adj.] -- containing a word or phrase that makes a reference to a specific person, event, place, etc. in an indirect way 20 -- aloft [adv.] -- high up in or into the air; far above the ground [synonym: overhead] 21 -- amid (prep.] -- (a). in the middle or course of something (b). surrounded by sth 22 -- amity [n.] -- a friendly relationship [synonyms: concord, harmony] 23 -- anew [adv.] -- (a). again but in a new or different and more positive way | (b). once more [synonym: again] 24 -- anodyne [adj.] -- not likely to cause disagreement or offense; not expressing strong opinions [synonyms: bland, insipid] | (b). capable of relieving pain 25 -- antagonistically (adv.) -- In a manner that shows or feels dislike or opposition [synonym: hostility] 26 -- arcane [adj.] -- strange, secret and mysterious and therefore knowable or understandable only to a few people [synonyms: esoteric, unfathomable] 27 -- artifice [n.] -- the clever use of tricks to cheat or deceive sb [synonyms: deception, pretense] | (b). a skilled piece of workmanship 28 -- audacity [n.] -- rude, shocking or disrespectful behavior [synonyms: cheek, daring, impudence, nerve] 29 -- august [adj.] -- respected, dignified and impressive [synonyms: imposing, majestic] 30 -- aureate [adj.] -- (a). (especially of language) decorated or elaborated in a complicated way | (b). made of gold or having the color of gold [synonym: golden] 31 -- aver [v.] -- to state firmly that sth is certainly true [synonyms: assert, avow] 32 -- avow [v.] -- to publicly express your opinion about sth in a firm way [synonym: affirm]

500 Words and Their Synonyms A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word. Sample This: English Synonyms – A 001. ABET -- (meaning) to encourage somebody to do something illegal Synonyms for ‘Abet’ -- incite / instigate / provoke ****** 002. ABEYANCE -- (meaning) being stopped for a period of time Synonyms for ‘Abeyance’ -- dormancy / intermission / suspension ****** 003. ABILITY -- (meaning) the fact that somebody is able to do something Synonyms for ‘Ability’ -- aptitude / capability / competence / knack / potential / proficiency / skill / talent ****** 004. ABLAZE -- (meaning) burning; on fire Synonyms for ‘Ablaze’ -- aflame / afire / alight ****** 005. ABRASIVE -- (meaning) not smooth Synonyms for ‘Abrasive’ -- coarse / harsh / rough ****** 006. ABSENCE -- (meaning) not available, present, etc. Synonyms for ‘Absence’ -- nonexistence / nonappearance / nonattendance ****** 007. ABSTRUSE -- (meaning) difficult to understand Synonyms for ‘Abstruse’ -- arcane / complicated / convoluted / esoteric / garbled / inarticulate / incoherent / incomprehensible / indecipherable / inexplicable / intricate / obscure / rarefied / recondite / unfathomable / unintelligible / unplumbed ****** 008. ABUSE -- (meaning) unfair or cruel treatment Synonyms for ‘Abuse’ -- brutality / cruelty / exploitation / ill-treatment / maltreatment / mistreatment / misuse / spitefulness / viciousness ****** 009. ABYSS -- (meaning) a very deep crack in the ground Synonyms for ‘Abyss’ -- chasm / gulf ****** 010. ACCEDE -- (meaning) to agree to a demand, request, proposal, etc. Synonyms for ‘Accede’ -- acquiesce / approve / assent / commend / comply / endorse / grant / permission / ratify / sanction ****** 011. ACCENTUATE -- (meaning) to make something more noticeable Synonyms for ‘Accentuate’ -- emphasize / highlight / underline / underscore ****** 012. ACCLIMATIZE -- (meaning) to get used to the new situation Synonyms for ‘Acclimatize’ -- adapt / adjust ****** 013. ACCOMPLISH -- (meaning) to succeed in getting something Synonyms for ‘Accomplish’ -- attain / conquer / manage ****** 014. ACCOST -- (meaning) to come near to somebody/something Synonyms for ‘Accost’ -- advance / approach / confront ****** 015. ACCREDITED -- (meaning) officially recognized Synonyms for ‘Accredited’ -- certified / endorsed / licensed ****** 016. ACCRUAL -- (meaning) increase in something over a period of time Synonyms for ‘Accrual’ -- accretion / addition / amassing / buildup / gathering ****** 017. ACCUSE -- (meaning) to say somebody is guilty of something Synonyms for ‘Accuse’ -- arraign / blame / charge / impeach / indict / prosecute ****** 018. ACQUIT -- (meaning) to say officially that somebody is not guilty of a crime Synonyms for ‘Acquit’ -- absolve / exculpate / exonerate ****** 019. ADMIRATION -- (meaning) praise or approval Synonyms for ‘Admiration’ -- acclaim / accolade / applause / approbation / commendation / ovation ****** 020. ADMIRING -- (meaning) behavior that shows that you respect somebody/something Synonyms for ‘Admiring’ -- chivalrous / considerate / courteous / deferential / gracious / respectful / reverent / reverential ****** 021. ADROIT -- (meaning) skillful and accurate Synonyms for ‘Adroit’ -- agile / deft / dexterous / natty / nifty / nimble / swift ****** 022. ALARMING -- (meaning) causing feeling of fear and worry Synonyms for ‘Alarming’ -- baffling / bewildering / confounding / disconcerting / disquieting / distressing / perplexing / puzzling / tormenting / upsetting / worrying ******

This highly regarded work brings together prominent authorities on vocabulary teaching and learning to provide a comprehensive yet concise guide to effective instruction. The book showcases practical ways to teach specific vocabulary words and word-learning strategies and create engaging, word-rich classrooms. Instructional activities and games for diverse learners are brought to life with detailed examples. Drawing on the most rigorous research available, the editors and contributors distill what PreK-8 teachers need to know and do to support all students' ongoing vocabulary growth and enjoyment of reading. New to This Edition*Reflects the latest research and instructional practices.*New section (five chapters) on pressing current issues in the field: assessment, authentic reading experiences, English language learners, uses of multimedia tools, and the vocabularies of narrative and informational texts.*Contributor panel expanded with additional leading researchers.

What are “Compound Words”? A compound word consists of two or more base words. The meaning of Compound words is often different from the separate base words. Compound Words and Parts of Speech Compound words are mostly nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Kinds of Compound Words Compound words are of three types: (A). Closed Compound Words: Words are joined together. There is no space or hyphen between the words. Examples: firefly / softball / redhead / keyboard / makeup / notebook (B). Hyphenated Compound Words: Words are joined together by a hyphen. Examples: daughter-in-law / over-the-counter / six-year-old (C). Open Compound Words: Words are not joined together. Words are open or separate. In other words, there is a space between the words. Examples: post office / real estate / full moon / half sister Some general rules regarding the use of hyphens:- Compound Adjectives are often hyphenated. If a compound adjective precedes a noun, they are hyphenated Examples: low-paying job [low- paying is a compound adjective; job is a noun] easy-going celebrity [easy-going is a compound adjective; celebrity is a noun] Adverbs that end in –ly and compounded with another modifier are generally not hyphenated: Examples: deeply held beliefs genetically modified foods highly placed sources quietly organized meeting ALSO NOTE: 1. Some compound words may have more than one form but these forms may belong to different parts of speech. Examples: bread and butter [open form] [noun] bread-and-butter [closed form] [adjective] charge sheet [open form][noun] chargesheet [closed form] [verb] fast track [open form] [noun] fast-track [hyphenated form] [adjective, verb] first degree [open form] [noun] first-degree [hyphenated form] [adjective] full time [open form] [noun] full-time [hyphenated form] [adjective, adverb] gift wrap [open form] [noun] gift-wrap [hyphenated form] [verb] hard core [open form] [noun] hard-core [hyphenated form] [adjective] hard line [open form] [noun] hard-line [hyphenated form] [adjective] road test [open form] [noun] road-test [hyphenated form] [verb] second hand [open form] [noun] second-home [hyphenated form] [adjective] 2. Some compound words which are hyphenated in American English are not hyphenated in British English. Example: cash-back [American English]; cashback [British English] 3. Compound words are mainly formed in the following ways: (a). adjective + adjective [example: bittersweet] (b). adjective + noun [example: blackboard] (c). adjective + verb [example: broadcast] (d). adjective + past participle [example: cold-blooded] (e). adjective + present participle [example: free-standing] (f). adverb (or preposition) + adjective [example: ingrown] (g). adverb (or preposition) + noun [example: afterlife] (h). adverb (or preposition) + verb [example: cutback] (i). adverb + past participle [example: brightly lit] (j). adverb + present participle [example: long-lasting] (k). noun + adjective [example: blood red] (l). noun + adverb (or preposition) [example: hanger-on] (m). noun + noun [example: airman] (n). noun + verb [example: air-condition] (o). noun + past participle [example: sun-dried] (p). verb + adverb (or preposition) [example: breakdown] (q). verb + noun [example: bathroom] (r). gerund + noun [example: bleaching powder] (s). noun + gerund [example: air-conditioning] A detailed list of Compound words in Alphabetical Order. [All compound words have been grouped according to the parts of speech they belong to.)