A society’s culture is a contributing factor to the structure and design of its architecture. As contemporary globalism brings about the evolution of the world, architectural style evolves along with it, which can be observed on an international scale. Cultural Influences on Architecture is a pivotal reference source for the latest research on the impact of culture on architecture through the aspects of planning and production, and highlights the importance of communicative dimension in design. Featuring exhaustive coverage on a variety of relevant perspectives and topics, such as the evolution of construction systems, benefits of nature-based architecture, and fundamentals of social capital, this publication is ideally designed for researchers, scholars, and students seeking current research on the connection between culture and architecture on a global level.

Exploring the ambiguities of how we define the word ‘culture’ in our global society, this book identifies its imprint on architectural ideas. It examines the historical role of the cultural in architectural production and expression, looking at meaning and communication, tracing the formations of cultural identities. Chapters written by international academics in history, theory and philosophy of architecture, examine how different modes of representation throughout history have drawn profound meanings from cultural practices and beliefs. These are as diverse as the designs they inspire and include religious, mythic, poetic, political, and philosophical references.

About the Book: Pakistan is one of the most beautiful countries in the world blessed with rich cultural heritage snow-clad mountains, meadows, lush green valleys, fertile plains, Indus River and its tributaries, deserts, plateau, and a long coastal belt. It has a long and uninterrupted history from Paleolithic period to the present times. The country is located at the crossroad of several trade routes linking China in the north, Central Asia in the west and Iran and the Middle East in the south and south east. During the course of long history a large number of settlements, structures and works of arts of exceptional beauty were produced presenting a variety of concepts and philosophies. These trade routes brought influence from far and wide and had strong impact on history, culture and artistic tradition. This scholarly work has thoroughly documented the roots of architectural history and tradition of Pakistan from prehistoric to contemporary times. For the first time in history, Dr. Abdul Rehman has produced this masterpiece after years of extensive and original research. The tremendous progress made by Pakistan since 1947 in the profession of architecture has not been adequately celebrated. Since the initial years of its independence, Pakistan had an acute shortage of housing and social and technical infrastructure projects that needed well-qualified architects and planners. In order to meet the demand of qualified professionals a number of architectural schools were established over the last 74 years. At present, both senior architects and younger and recent graduates are working side by side to meet the challenges of the built environment. These architects followed several design philosophies such as modernism, classical tradition, hyper-modernism, etc. This second volume of the book, gives an in-depth overview of the challenges and contributions, as well as the philosophy of international, local, senior and younger architects. The book begins with an introduction to the state of economy and development goals to meet the socioeconomic challenges which the country has faced over time. The design philosophy and architectural contributions of early masters is discussed. Additionally, the book also covers the contributions made by the international architects whose design of large-scale projects can be seen in almost all major cities across Pakistan, as well as the foreign qualified graduates of Pakistani origin of the early years of the country had also made a significant impact in influencing the design. The book also covers the academician architects who played an important role in the development of the profession and gave it a new direction through their writings and professional works. Their contributions have been discussed in the several chapters of this book. Apart from the qualified architects, the traditional masters have also made a significant impact to the country's built environment. Their contributions are especially significant in the design of mosques and tombs. The important projects carried out by them have been discussed in the book. The contributions of architects in the field of landscape architecture and conservation are also discussed. The book finally concludes with the discussion on the challenges being faced by the profession and a way forward for improving the quality of architecture in Pakistan. About the Author: Dr. Abdul Rehman is a former Professor and Director of School of Architecture and Design, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore. He holds a National Diploma in Architecture from National College of Arts, Lahore and a PhD degree from "Ion Mincu," University of Architecture and Urbanism, Bucharest, Romania. He has been a senior Fulbright fellow at both Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.

The Art of Japanese Architecture presents a complete overview of Japanese architecture in its historical and cultural context. The book begins with a discussion of early prehistoric dwellings and concludes with a description of works by important modern Japanese architects. Along the way it discusses the iconic buildings and architectural styles for which Japan is so justly famous--from elegant Shinden and Sukiya aristocratic villas like the Kinkakuji "Golden Pavilion" in Kyoto, to imposing Samurai castles like Himeji and Matsumoto, and tranquil Zen Buddhist gardens and tea houses to rural Minka thatched-roof farmhouses and Shinto shrines. Each period in the development of Japan's architecture is described in detail and the most important structures are shown and discussed--including dozens of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The aesthetic trends in each period are presented within the context of Japanese society at the time, providing a unique in-depth understanding of the way Japanese architectural styles and buildings have developed over time and the great variety that is visible today. The book is profusely illustrated with hundreds of hand-drawn 3D watercolor illustrations and color photos as well as prints, maps and diagrams. The new edition features dozens of new photographs and a handy hardcover format that is perfect for travelers.

The three basic questions of EBS are (1) What bio-social, psychological, and cultural characteristics of human beings influence which characteristics of the built environment?; (2) What effects do which aspects of which environments have on which groups of people, under what circumstances, and when, why, and how?; and (3) Given this two-way interaction between people and environments, there must be mechanisms that link them. What are these mechanisms?Focusing on answers to these and other questions, "Culture, Architecture, and Design" discusses the relationship between culture, the built environment, and design by showing that the purpose of design is to create environments that suit users and is, therefore, user-oriented. Design must also be based on knowledge of how people and environments interact. Thus, design needs to respond to culture. In discussing (1) the nature and role of Environment-Behavior Studies (EBS); (2) the types of environments; (3) the importance of culture; (4) preference, choice, and design; (5) the nature of culture; (6) the scale of culture; and (7) how to make culture usable, Amos Rapoport states that there needs to be a ?change from designing for one?s own culture to understanding and designing for users? cultures and basing design on research in EBS, anthropology, and other relevant fields. Such changes should transform architecture and design so that it, in fact, does what it claims to do and is supposed to do ? create better (i.e., more supportive) environments.?

Why did the colonial Americans give over a significant part of their homes to a grand staircase? Why did the Victorians drape their buildings ornate decoration? And why did American buildings grow so tall in the last decades of the 19th century. This book explores the history of American architecture from prehistoric times to the present, explaining why characteristic architectural forms arose at particular times and in particular places.

This book is concerned with cultural and political discourses that affect the production of architecture. It examines how these discursive mechanisms and technologies combine to normalise and aestheticise everyday practices. It queries the means by which buildings are appropriated to give shape and form to political aspirations and values. Architecture is not overtly political. It does not coerce people to behave in certain ways. However, architecture is constructed within the same rules and practices whereby people and communities self-govern and regulate themselves to think and act in certain ways. This book seeks to examine these rules through various case studies including: the reconstructed Notre Dame Cathedral, the Nazi era Munich Konigsplatz, Auschwitz concentration camp and the Prora resort, Sydney’s suburban race riots, and the Australian Immigration Detention Centre on Christmas Island.