In the tradition of the English School of International Relations theory, this project from Robert Jackson seeks to show how continuities in international politics outweigh the changes. The author demonstrates how the world is neither one of anarchy, as put forward by realists, nor is it a fully cosmopolitan order, as argued by those on the other side of the theoretical spectrum. Instead, it is a world of states who acknowledge a set of moral constraints that exists between them.

Drawing on a tripartite taxonomy first suggested by the so-called English School of International Relations of a Hobbesian tradition of power politics, a Grotian tradition of concern with the rules that govern relations between states; and a Kantian tradition of thinking which transcends the existence of the states system, this book discusses the thinking of central political theorists about the modern states system. Thinkers covered are Hobbes, Grotius, Kant, Vitoria, Rousseau, Smith, Burke, Hegel, Gentz and Vattel.

(NOTE: New Readings noted by *.) I Morality and Politics 1 Realism The Melian Dialogue, Thucydides From The Prince Niccoli Machiavelli The War and American Churches Reinhold Niebuhr Political Power: A Realist Theory of International Politics Hans J. Morgenthau Diplomacy in the Modern World George F. Kennan 2 Just War and Idealism. Of War Thomas Aquinas The World Must Be Made Safe for Democracy; The Fourteen Points Woodrow Wilson 3 The Radical Critique Patriotism and Government; Patriotism and Christianity Leo Tolstoy Means and Ends; Passive Resistance; The Atom Bomb America and Japan and Mohandas K. Gandhi Vietnam: Setting the Moral Equation Howard Zinn II Debates over Methods and Theory 4 Defining International Relations Inquiry Long Range Research in International Relations Harold Guetzkow International Theory: The Case for a Classical Approach Hedley Bull The Incompleat Theorist: Insight Without Evidence J. David Singer The Third Debate: On the Prospects of International Theory in a Post-Positivist Era Yosef Lapid Speaking the Language of Exile: Dissident Thought in International Studies Richard K. Ashley and R.B.J. Walker 5 Challenging the Realist Paradigm International Relations or World Society? John Burton Coloring It Morgenthau: New Evidence for an Old Thesis on Quantitative International Politics John A. Vasquez Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory Robert W. Cox Conflict Resolution: Problem Solving Dean G. Pruitt and Jeffrey Z. Rubin III Foreign Policy and Global Conflict 6 Explanations of Foreign Policy Another Great Debate: The National Interest of the United States Hans J. Morgenthau National Security as an Ambiguous Symbol Arnold Wolfers Simulation and Reality: Validity Research Harold Guetzkow and Joseph J. Valadez How Decision-Makers Learn from History Robert Jervis Bureaucratic Politics: A Paradigm and Some Policy Implications Graham T. Allison and Morton H. Halperin Pre-Theories and Theories of Foreign Policy James N. Rosenau 7 Crisis. International Crisis as a Situational Variable Charles F. Hermann Perception and Action in the 1914 Crisis Ole R. Holsti and Robert C. North and Richard A. Brody From Conflict Among Nations Glenn H. Snyder and Paul Diesing 8 War. Of the Natural Condition of Mankind, as Concerning Their Felicity Misery and Thomas Hobbes Warfare Is Only an Invention Not a Biological Necessity Margaret Mead The Use of Mathematics; Arms Races Lewis F. Richardson Dangerous Dyads: Conditions Affecting the Likelihood of War, 1816-1965 Stuart A. Bremer Capabilities, Allocations, and Success in Militarized Disputes and Wars, 1816-1976 Frank W. Wayman and J. David Singer and Gary Goertz 9 Imperialism The Place of Imperialism in History V.I. Lenin A Structural Theory of Imperialism Johan Galtung From Nations in Conflict Nazli Choucri and Robert C. North IV The Search for Peace 10 The Balance of Power Some Problems of International Systems Research Morton A. Kaplan The Power Transition A.F.K. Organski From Theory of International Politics Kenneth N. Waltz 11 Politico-Military Strategy and Nuclear Deterrence On the Nature of War Karl Von Clausewitz The Three Types of Deterrence Herman Kahn The Gap Between Deterrence Theory and.

Classical political theorists such as Thucydides, Kant, Rousseau, Smith, Hegel, Grotius, Mill, Locke and Clausewitz are often employed to explain and justify contemporary international politics and are seen to constitute the different schools of thought in the discipline. However, traditional interpretations frequently ignore the intellectual and historical context in which these thinkers were writing as well as the lineages through which they came to be appropriated in International Relations. This collection of essays provides alternative interpretations sensitive to these political and intellectual contexts and to the trajectory of their appropriation. The political, sociological, anthropological, legal, economic, philosophical and normative dimensions are shown to be constitutive, not just of classical theories, but of international thought and practice in the contemporary world. Moreover, they challenge traditional accounts of timeless debates and schools of thought and provide new conceptions of core issues such as sovereignty, morality, law, property, imperialism and agency.

Since the field of International Relations was established almost a century ago, many different theoretical approaches have been developed, each offering distinctive accounts of the world, why it has come to be the way it is, and how it might be made a better place. In this illuminating textbook, leading IR scholar, Stephanie Lawson, examines each of these theories in turn, from political realism in its various forms to liberalism, Marxism, critical theory and more recent contributions from social theory, feminism, postcolonialism and green theory. Taking as her focus the major practical issues facing scholars of international relations today, Lawson ably shows how each theory relates to situations ?on the ground?. Each chapter features case studies, questions for discussion to encourage reflection and classroom debate, guides to further reading and web resources. The study of IR is a profoundly normative enterprise, and each theoretical school has its strengths and weaknesses. Theories of International Relations encourages a critical, reflective approach to the study of IR theory, while emphasising the many important and interesting things it has to teach us about the complexities and challenges of international politics today.

The tradition in international relations theory known as realism has often been associated with the Cold War. The contributors to this intriguing volume argue, however, that realism remains a profound and relevant perspective on contemporary international politics. They point out that classical realism is based on concepts that were elucidated long before the Cold War began and are not confined by its boundaries. Further, they believe that insights of the realist tradition can provide valuable guidance in our contemporary world. W. David Clinton and ten scholars of foreign policy reexamine the work of thinkers spanning twenty-five centuries who have contributed to the development of realism across the ages. In their essays, the authors consider two key questions: What makes these thinkers "realists"? And how is their work relevant to the modern, post--Cold War world? These essays take a fresh look at such canonical thinkers as Thucydides, Augustine, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Hume, Burke, Carr, Niebuhr, and Morgenthau. Countering the widespread belief that realism has nothing left to offer, this collection demonstrates that continuities remain in the political world -- and that the ideas rooted in realism are too important and too useful to ignore. While there are obvious differences among the political philosophers whose works are considered here, they share a common concern about human limitations and the possible dangerous consequences of ignoring those limitations. Each in his own way, these classic thinkers discuss the need for prudence to counter the ever-present threat of tragedy resulting from our innocent, hopeful, or self-righteous efforts for perfection. These provocative essays demonstrate that though a realist understanding of the nature of international relations is at least as old as Thucydides, it is also as contemporaneous as the most recent headline.

International thought is the product of major political changes over the last few centuries, especially the development of the modern state and the industrialisation of the world economy. While the question of how to deal with strangers from other communities has been a constant throughout human history, it is only in recent centuries that the question of ‘foreign relations’ (and especially imperialism and war) have become a matter of urgency for all sectors of society throughout the world. This book provides the first comprehensive overview of the evolution of Western international thought, and charts how this evolved into the predominantly Anglophone field of International Relations. Along the way several myths of the origins of International Relations are explored and exposed: the myth of the peace of Westphalia, the myths of Versailles and the nature of the League of Nations, the realist-idealist ‘Great Debate’ myth, and the myth of appeasement. Major approaches to the study of international affairs are discussed within their context and on their own terms, rather than being shoe-horned into anachronistic ‘paradigms’. Written in a clear and accessible style, Ashworth’s analysis reveals how historical myths have been used as gatekeeping devices, and how a critical re-evaluation of the history of international thought can affect how we see international affairs today.