In the first millennium b.c., two Ancient Celtic languages were spoken in what is today northern Italy and southern Switzerland, along the northern part of the river Po, and in the valleys around the big lakes on the southern slopes of the Alps. These languages, Lepontic and Gaulish, are grouped together as Cisalpine Celtic, i.e. ‘Celtic on this side of the Alps’, viewed from the perspective of the ancient Romans, in contrast to the Transalpine Gaulish language on the far side of the Alps in modern France. Known from over 400 inscriptions that span around 600 years, the two languages share the same writing system, borrowed from the Etruscans to the south. This volume of the AELAW series offers an introduction to what is known about the grammar and the lexicon of these languages, how to read the script and how to interpret the the various types of inscriptions (graffiti on pottery, tombstones, dedicatory formulae). This is accompanied by over forty new images and drawings of the inscribed objects. A census of the inscriptions known today and a concise bibliography round off the volume. The book contains 2 maps, 2 tables and 28 figures.

Language is important in both individual and group identities. In understanding the Iron Age and Roman worlds and their developments, we must strive to incorporate an appreciation of the local languages and their communities. Unfortunately a key ancient language such as Gaulish is generally only studied by specialist linguists, and many classical scholars, for example, have little knowledge of it. We have written a text which is designed to reveal the complexity and importance of the Gaulish language to a wider audience.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read on Oxford Academic and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Latinization is a strangely overlooked topic. Historians have noted it has been 'taken for granted' and viewed as an unremarkable by-product of 'Romanization', despite its central importance for understanding the Roman provincial world, its life, and languages. This volume aims to fill the gap in our scholarship. Expert contributors have been selected to create a multi-disciplinary volume with a thematic approach to the vast subject, tackling administration, army, economy, law, mobility, religion (local and imperial religions and Christianity), social status, and urbanism. They situate the phenomena of Latinization, literacy, and bi- and multilingualism within local and broader social developments and draw together materials and arguments that have not before been coordinated in a single volume. The result is a comprehensive guide to the topic, which offers original and more experimental work. The sociolinguistic, historical, and archaeological contributions reinforce, expand, and sometimes challenge our vision of Latinization and lay the foundations for future explorations. This volume will be accompanied by two further volumes from the European Research Council-funded LatinNow project: Latinization, Local Languages, and Literacies in the Roman West, and Languages and Communities in the Late-Roman and Post-Imperial Western Provinces.

This volume provides a collection of chapters by a multidisciplinary collection of experts on the linguistic variegation of the later-Roman and post-imperial period in the Roman west. It offers the first comprehensive modern study of the main developments, key features, and debates of the later-Roman and post-imperial linguistic environment.

Excerpt from The Celtic Inscriptions of Cisalpine Gaul IV. There are a few inscriptions which are so placed as to suggest a fourth district, to wit, the country round the Lago di Garda. Those four regions make up the Cisalpine Gaul of this paper, linguistic areas the boundaries of which may be expected to be enlarged by future finds. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.