Since the early seventies, the development of the automobile has been characterized by a steady increase in the deploymnet of onboard electronics systems and software. This trend continues unabated and is driven by rising end-user demands and increasingly stringent environmental requirements. Today, almost every function onboard the modern vehicle is electronically controlled or monitored. The software-based implementation of vehicle functions provides for unparalleled freedoms of concept and design. However, automobile development calls for the accommodation of contrasting prerequisites – such as higher demands on safety and reliability vs. lower cost ceilings, longer product life cycles vs. shorter development times – along with growing proliferation of model variants. Automotive Software Engineering has established its position at the center of these seemingly conflicting opposites. This book provides background basics as well as numerous suggestions, rare insights, and cases in point concerning those processes, methods, and tools that contribute to the surefooted mastery of the use of electronic systems and software in the contemporary automobile.

This book presents the state of the art, challenges and future trends in automotive software engineering. The amount of automotive software has grown from just a few lines of code in the 1970s to millions of lines in today’s cars. And this trend seems destined to continue in the years to come, considering all the innovations in electric/hybrid, autonomous, and connected cars. Yet there are also concerns related to onboard software, such as security, robustness, and trust. This book covers all essential aspects of the field. After a general introduction to the topic, it addresses automotive software development, automotive software reuse, E/E architectures and safety, C-ITS and security, and future trends. The specific topics discussed include requirements engineering for embedded software systems, tools and methods used in the automotive industry, software product lines, architectural frameworks, various related ISO standards, functional safety and safety cases, cooperative intelligent transportation systems, autonomous vehicles, and security and privacy issues. The intended audience includes researchers from academia who want to learn what the fundamental challenges are and how they are being tackled in the industry, and practitioners looking for cutting-edge academic findings. Although the book is not written as lecture notes, it can also be used in advanced master’s-level courses on software and system engineering. The book also includes a number of case studies that can be used for student projects.

This book introduces the concept of software architecture as one of the cornerstones of software in modern cars. Following a historical overview of the evolution of software in modern cars and a discussion of the main challenges driving that evolution, Chapter 2 describes the main architectural styles of automotive software and their use in cars’ software. Chapter 3 details this further by presenting two modern architectural styles, i.e. centralized and federated software architectures. In Chapter 4, readers will find a description of the software development processes used to develop software on the car manufacturers’ side. Chapter 5 then introduces AUTOSAR – an important standard in automotive software. Chapter 6 goes beyond simple architecture and describes the detailed design process for automotive software using Simulink, helping readers to understand how detailed design links to high-level design. The new chapter 7 reports on how machine learning is exploited in automotive software e.g. for image recognition and how both on-board and off-board learning are applied. Next, Chapter 8 presents a method for assessing the quality of the architecture – ATAM (Architecture Trade-off Analysis Method) – and provides a sample assessment, while Chapter 9 presents an alternative way of assessing the architecture, namely by using quantitative measures and indicators. Subsequently Chapter 10 dives deeper into one of the specific properties discussed in Chapter 8 – safety – and details an important standard in that area, the ISO/IEC 26262 norm. Lastly, Chapter 11 presents a set of future trends that are currently emerging and have the potential to shape automotive software engineering in the coming years. This book explores the concept of software architecture for modern cars and is intended for both beginning and advanced software designers. It mainly aims at two different groups of audience – professionals working with automotive software who need to understand concepts related to automotive architectures, and students of software engineering or related fields who need to understand the specifics of automotive software to be able to construct cars or their components. Accordingly, the book also contains a wealth of real-world examples illustrating the concepts discussed and requires no prior background in the automotive domain. Compared to the first edition, besides the two new chapters 3 and 7 there are considerable updates in chapters 5 and 8 especially.

Software Engineering for Automotive Systems: Principles and Applications discusses developments in the field of software engineering for automotive systems. This reference text presents detailed discussion of key concepts including timing analysis and reliability, validation and verification of automotive systems, AUTOSAR architecture for electric vehicles, automotive grade Linux for connected cars, open-source architecture in the automotive software industry, and communication protocols in the automotive software development process. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and automobile engineering, this text: Provides the fundamentals of automotive software architectures. Discusses validation and verification of automotive systems. Covers communication protocols in the automotive software development process. Discusses AUTOSAR architecture for electric vehicles. Examines open-source architecture in the automotive software industry.

Software Engineering for Automotive Systems: Principles and Applications discusses developments in the field of software engineering for automotive systems. This reference text presents detailed discussion of key concepts including timing analysis and reliability, validation and verification of automotive systems, AUTOSAR architecture for electric vehicles, automotive grade Linux for connected cars, open-source architecture in the automotive software industry, and communication protocols in the automotive software development process. Aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and automobile engineering, this text: Provides the fundamentals of automotive software architectures. Discusses validation and verification of automotive systems. Covers communication protocols in the automotive software development process. Discusses AUTOSAR architecture for electric vehicles. Examines open-source architecture in the automotive software industry.

Since the early seventies, the development of the automobile has been characterized by a steady increase in the deploymnet of onboard electronics systems and software. This trend continues unabated and is driven by rising end-user demands and increasingly stringent environmental requirements. Today, almost every function onboard the modern vehicle is electronically controlled or monitored. The software-based implementation of vehicle functions provides for unparalleled freedoms of concept and design. However, automobile development calls for the accommodation of contrasting prerequisites – such as higher demands on safety and reliability vs. lower cost ceilings, longer product life cycles vs. shorter development times – along with growing proliferation of model variants. Automotive Software Engineering has established its position at the center of these seemingly conflicting opposites. This book provides background basics as well as numerous suggestions, rare insights, and cases in point concerning those processes, methods, and tools that contribute to the surefooted mastery of the use of electronic systems and software in the contemporary automobile.

This chapter introduces the automotive system, which is unlike any other, characterized by its rigorous planning, architecting, development, testing, validation and verification. The physical task of writing embedded software for automotive applications versus other application areas is not significantly different from other embedded systems, but the key differences are the quality standards which must be followed for any development and test project. To write automotive software the engineer needs to understand how and why the systems have evolved into the complex environment it is today. They must be aware of the differences and commonalties between the automotive submarkets. They must be familiar with the applicable quality standards and why such strict quality controls exist, along with how quality is tested and measured, all of which are described in this chapter with examples of the most common practices. This chapter introduces various processes to help software engineers write high-quality, fault-tolerant, interoperable code such as modeling, autocoding and advanced trace and debug assisted by the emergence of the latest AUTOSAR and ISO26262 standards, as well as more traditional standards such as AEC, OBD-II and MISRA.