Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment

Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment
Title Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment PDF eBook
Author R. Stein
Publisher Elsevier
Total Pages 608
Release 2008-07-22
Genre Science
ISBN 9780080558851

Download Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Although it is generally accepted that the Arctic Ocean is a very sensitive and important region for changes in the global climate, this region is the last major physiographic province of the earth whose short-and long-term geological history is much less known in comparison to other ocean regions. This lack of knowledge is mainly caused by the major technological/logistic problems in reaching this harsh, ice-covered region with normal research vessels and in retrieving long and undisturbed sediment cores. During the the last about 20 years, however, several international and multidisciplinary ship expeditions, including the first scientific drilling on Lomonosov Ridge in 2004, a break-through in Arctic research, were carried out into the central Artic and its surrounding shelf seas. Results from these expeditions have greatly advanced our knowledge on Arctic Ocean paleoenvironments. Published syntheses about the knowledge on Arctic Ocean geology, on the other hand, are based on data available prior to 1990. A comprehensive compilation of data on Arctic Ocean paleoenvironment and its short-and long-term variability based on the huge amount of new data including the ACEX drilling data, has not been available yet. With this book, presenting (1) detailed information on glacio-marine sedimentary processes and geological proxies used for paleoenvironmental reconstructions, and (2) detailed geological data on modern environments, Quaternary variability on different time scales as well as the long-term climate history during Mesozoic-Tertiary times, this gap in knowledge will be filled. *Aimed at specialists and graduates *Presents background research, recent developments, and future trends *Written by a leading scholar and industry expert

Sedimentation Processes in the White Sea

Sedimentation Processes in the White Sea
Title Sedimentation Processes in the White Sea PDF eBook
Author Alexander P. Lisitsyn
Publisher Springer
Total Pages 311
Release 2019-01-22
Genre Science
ISBN 3030051110

Download Sedimentation Processes in the White Sea Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book presents a new perspective on the sedimentation processes in the White Sea, based on a multidisciplinary research study conducted between 2001 and 2016. It provides a comprehensive review and discusses the latest research findings on the ecosystem of this sub-arctic zone. The topics addressed include suspended particulate matter as a main source and proxy of the sedimentation processes in the White Sea; vertical fluxes of dispersed sedimentary matter and absolute masses in the White Sea; and the development history and quaternary deposits of the modern White Sea basin. The authors closely examine the abundance and species composition of microalgae associations and the environmental conditions in the bottom sediments of the White Sea, namely, heavy metal accumulation and aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The book ends contain a summary of the key conclusions and recommendations. Together with the companion volume Biogeochemistry of the Atmosphere, Ice and Water of the White Sea: The White Sea Environment Part I, it offers an essential source of information for postgraduate students, researchers, and stakeholders alike.

The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic

The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic
Title The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic PDF eBook
Author T. Max Friesen
Publisher Oxford University Press
Total Pages 984
Release 2016-08-05
Genre History
ISBN 0190630876

Download The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The North American Arctic was one of the last regions on Earth to be settled by humans, due to its extreme climate, limited range of resources, and remoteness from populated areas. Despite these factors, it holds a complex and lengthy history relating to Inuit, IƱupiat, Inuvialuit, Yup'ik and Aleut peoples and their ancestors. The artifacts, dwellings, and food remains of these ancient peoples are remarkably well-preserved due to cold temperatures and permafrost, allowing archaeologists to reconstruct their lifeways with great accuracy. Furthermore, the combination of modern Elders' traditional knowledge with the region's high resolution ethnographic record allows past peoples' lives to be reconstructed to a level simply not possible elsewhere. Combined, these factors yield an archaeological record of global significance--the Arctic provides ideal case studies relating to issues as diverse as the impacts of climate change on human societies, the complex process of interaction between indigenous peoples and Europeans, and the dynamic relationships between environment, economy, social organization, and ideology in hunter-gatherer societies. In the The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic, each arctic cultural tradition is described in detail, with up-to-date coverage of recent interpretations of all aspects of their lifeways. Additional chapters cover broad themes applicable to the full range of arctic cultures, such as trade, stone tool technology, ancient DNA research, and the relationship between archaeology and modern arctic communities. The resulting volume, written by the region's leading researchers, contains by far the most comprehensive coverage of arctic archaeology ever assembled.

Natural Gas Hydrate - Arctic Ocean Deepwater Resource Potential

Natural Gas Hydrate - Arctic Ocean Deepwater Resource Potential
Title Natural Gas Hydrate - Arctic Ocean Deepwater Resource Potential PDF eBook
Author Michael D. Max
Publisher Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages 114
Release 2013-10-11
Genre Technology & Engineering
ISBN 3319025082

Download Natural Gas Hydrate - Arctic Ocean Deepwater Resource Potential Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The book is an up-to-date basic reference for natural gas hydrate (NGH) in the Arctic Ocean. Geographical, geological, environmental, energy, new technology, and regulatory matters are discussed. The book should be of interest to general readers and scientists and students as well as industry and government agencies concerned with energy and ocean management. NGH is a solid crystalline material that compresses gas by about a factor of about 164 during crystallization from natural gas (mainly methane) - rich pore waters over time. NGH displaces water and may form large concentrations in sediment pore space. Its formation introduces changes in the geotechnical character of host sediment that allows it to be distinguished by seismic and electric exploration methods. The chemical reaction that forms NGH from gas and water molecules is highly reversible, which allows controlled conversion of the NGH to its constituent gas and water. This can be achieved rapidly by one of a number of processes including heating, depressurization, inhibitor injection, dissolution, and molecular replacement. The produced gas has the potential to make NGH a valuable unconventional natural gas resource, and perhaps the largest on earth. Estimates for NGH distribution, concentration, economic targets, and volumes in the Arctic Ocean have been carried out by restricting the economic target to deepwater turbidite sands, which are also sediment hosts for more deeply buried conventional hydrocarbon deposits. Resource base estimates are based on NGH petroleum system analysis approach using industry-standard parameters along with analogs from three relatively well known examples (Nankai-Japan, Gulf of Mexico-United States, and Arctic permafrost hydrate). Drilling data has substantiated new geotechnical-level seismic analysis techniques for estimating not just the presence of NGH but prospect volumes. In addition to a volumetric estimate for NGH having economic potential, a sedimentary depositional model is proposed to aid exploration in the five different regions around the deep central Arctic Ocean basin. Related topics are also discussed. Transport and logistics for NGH may also be applicable for stranded conventional gas and oil deposits. Arising from a discussion of new technology and methodologies that could be applied to developing NGH, suggestions are made for the lowering of exploration and capital expenses that could make NGH competitive on a produced cost basis. The basis for the extraordinarily low environmental risk for exploration and production of NGH is discussed, especially with respect to the environmentally fragile Arctic region. It is suggested that because of the low environmental risk, special regulations could be written that would provide a framework for very low cost and safe development.

Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research

Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research
Title Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research PDF eBook
Author Carol Arnosti
Publisher Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages 261
Release 2021-02-25
Genre Science
ISBN 2889664643

Download Current Topics in Marine Organic Biogeochemical Research Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Environments

Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Environments
Title Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Environments PDF eBook
Author Tymon Zielinski
Publisher Springer
Total Pages 156
Release 2015-01-28
Genre Science
ISBN 3319142836

Download Impact of Climate Changes on Marine Environments Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book contributes to the current discussion on global environmental changes by discussing modifications in marine ecosystems related to global climate changes. In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate changes are associated with shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen concentration and ocean acidification, which have significant biological effects on a regional and global scale. Knowing how these changes affect the distribution and abundance of plankton in the ocean currents is crucial to our understanding of how climate change impacts the marine environment. Ocean temperatures, weather and climatic changes greatly influence the amount and location of nutrients in the water column. If temperatures and currents change, the plankton production cycle may not coincide with the reproduction cycle of fish. The above changes are closely related to the changes in radiative forcing, which initiate feedback mechanisms like changes in surface temperature, circulation, and atmospheric chemistry.

Global Sedimentology of the Ocean

Global Sedimentology of the Ocean
Title Global Sedimentology of the Ocean PDF eBook
Author Christian M. Robert
Publisher Elsevier
Total Pages 496
Release 2008-09-17
Genre Science
ISBN 9780080930930

Download Global Sedimentology of the Ocean Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

A great deal of information has been gained during the past 20 years about the deep ocean. This book synthesizes new information in marine sedimentology, applying concepts to case studies, and integrating the information in a context of plate tectonics, global circulation, and sedimentary processes. The potential of sediment series as archives of past environments is highlighted. * complete update of synthetic information in marine sedimentology. * association of information on the origin and transport of sediment particles, the evolution of sediment series and their role as archives of past environments.