The United States Congress approved the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) on February 13, 2009. U.S. President Barack Obama signed the bill into law on February 17, 2009. ARRA was passed in response to widespread fears that the United States was in danger of slipping into a 1930s-style economic depression. After ARRA was enacted, related economic debate centered on tax reductions versus direct federal-government spending. Old arguments resurfaced about the effectiveness of the “New Deal” programs instituted by U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt; the 1936-1938 recession; and the theoretical views of both Keynesian and neoclassical economists.Since ARRA was passed, a number of economists have criticized the effectiveness of the stimulus program. Criticisms have ranged from arguments that “the stimulus was too small to be effective” to assertions of ARRA's failure to address the shortage of qualified workers in the labor force.I briefly review some of these arguments and conduct empirical tests to determine their validity.

Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Authoritative Resources on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Summary The following list of authoritative resources is designed to assist in responding to a broad range of questions and concerns about the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), P. L. 111-5. [...] Links to the full text of the act, Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates, White House fact sheets, and federal, state, and municipal government websites are included, along with other useful information. [...] Congressional Research Service Authoritative Resources on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Contents Full Text of the Law. [...] Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimates Estimates of ARRA's impact on the budget and a detailed analysis of the budgetary effects by title. [...] Congressional Research Service 1 Authoritative Resources on the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Each federal agency receiving funds from the act will submit reports on their recovery activities.

Home to more than 50 million people and our Nation¿s ag. industry, Rural America (RA) plays a vital role in ensuring a vibrant national economy. The Obama Admin. recognizes the importance of the rural economic engine and took swift action to stabilize the rural economy and assist rural communities in the aftermath of the economic downturn. This report provides an overview of how Fed. investments under the ARRA of 2009 are helping rural communities win the future by out-innovating, out-educating, and out-building our global competition. Contents: Building the Infrastructure of the 21st Century; Investing in Clean Energy and the Environ.; Increasing Economic Opportunity in RA; Enhancing the Quality of Life in RA. A print on demand report.

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) was passed in response to widespread fears that that United States was in danger of slipping into a 1930s-style economic depression. Once the ARRA was introduced, the economic debate centered on tax reductions versus direct government spending. Old arguments resurfaced about the effectiveness of the Roosevelt New Deal, the 1936-1938 recession, and the theoretical views of both Keynesian and neoclassical economists. I briefly review the economic literature and discuss the economic arguments of both sides.My research accounts for economic adjustment, and seeks to calculate the optimal mix of tax reductions and direct government spending using three different standards: effect on Real Gross Domestic Product, effect on the stock market , and effect on the U.S. civilian unemployment rate.I found that ARRA did not fund an optimal mix of tax reductions and direct government spending because ARRA included subsidies to individual states, loan guarantees, and other subsidies.

In February 2009, in response to significant weakness in the economy, lawmakers enacted the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). The legislations numerous spending and revenue provisions can be grouped into several categories according to their focus, which include, providing funds to states and localities; supporting people in need; purchasing goods and services; and providing temporary tax relief for individuals and businesses. This book discusses the economic impact of the ARRA five years after its enactment.