Water is arguably the most critical and least understood of the foundation elements in brewing. For many brewers used to choosing from a wide selection of hops and grain, water seems like an ingredient for which they have little choice but to accept what comes out of their faucet. But brewers in fact have many opportunities to modify their source water or to obtain mineral-free water and build their own brewing water from scratch. Much of the relevant information can be found in texts on physical and inorganic chemistry or water treatment and analysis, but these resources seldom, if ever, speak to brewers. Water: A Comprehensive Guide for Brewers takes the mystery out of water's role in the brewing process. This book is not just about brewing liquor. Whether in a brewery or at home, water is needed for every part of the brewing process: chilling, diluting, cleaning, boiler operation, wastewater treatment, and even physically pushing wort or beer from one place to another. The authors lead the reader from an overview of the water cycle and water sources, to adjusting water for different beer styles and brewery processes, to wastewater treatment. It covers precipitation, groundwater, and surface water, and explains how municipal water is treated to make it safe to drink but not always suitable for brewing. The parameters measured in a water report are explained, along with their impact on the mash and the final beer. Understand ion concentrations, temporary and permanent hardness, and pH. The concept of residual alkalinity is covered in detail and the causes of alkalinity in water are explored, along with techniques to control alkalinity. Ultimately, residual alkalinity is the major effector on mash pH, and this book addresses how to predict and target a specific mash pH—a key skill for any brewer wishing to raise their beer to the next level. But minerals in brewing water also determine specific flavor attributes. Ionic species important to beer are discussed and concepts like the sulfate-to-chloride ratio are explained. Examples illustrate how to tailor your brewing water to suit any style of beer. To complete the subject, the authors focus on brewery operations relating to source water treatment, such as the removal of particulates, dissolved solids, gas and liquid contaminants, organic contaminants, chlorine and chloramine, and dissolved oxygen. This section considers the pros and cons of various technologies, including membrane technologies such as filtration, ion-exchange systems, and reverse osmosis.

This book is especially for parents and grandparents, but instructors of small groups can also benefit from the valuable educational tips. Simple exercises help the child to overcome their fear and begin adjusting to the water - at the same time, the over 120 exercises are also great fun. The pictures are mostly self-explanatory; one glance is all you need to carry out the exercise. Cut out the pages along the dashed line and laminate the sheets - to make teaching your children to swim an effortless and stress-free experience. What to expect from this book: Suitable from 4 years old Games in the shower and in the shallow pool where the child can touch the bottom Fun stories and exercises for warming up Simple balancing exercises with pool noodle, kickboard, or balloon Information on gliding, underwater work, and jumping from the pool edge Tips for ideal body position in breaststroke, crawl, and backstroke With lots of colorful illustrations and descriptive texts Other editions of Swimming for Kids: 1: Adjusting to the Water 2: Underwater Work 3: Breaststroke 4: Crawl 5: Backstroke 6: Atoms Game & Warm Up 7: Jumping 8: Games in Water 9: Bathing Rules 10: Theory: 15 tips for a good swim lesson 11: Swimming course Special Edition (many new, but also exercises from Swimming for Kids 1 to 7): 12 Pool Noodles Dive into these exercises together and help your child learn to swim. Find out how to help them overcome their fear of water - they will be a little fish in no time! Take advantage of the experience of numerous swim instructors, who focus in this edition on bathing fun and water adjustment. Overcome a child's fears with play and show them that swimming is just great. Let them feel the water's resistance and learn to take advantage of it. Teach children to swim: The ideal age is around five years. Initially, it is not about gaining a badge and swimming perfectly, but about adjusting to the water and becoming familiar with it. Body control and motor skills for learning to swim only reach maturity when the child can ride a bicycle without training wheels. Playing around in the water means positive experiences during development. When introduced cautiously and with games, the child builds self-confidence as many of the exercises are easier in water than on land. Digital-swim-coach has been active in German-speaking countries since 2009, initially in published form but more recently in an easier-to-handle digital format. The material has been compiled, tested, and assessed by specialists from different fields. The multi-part series contains over 800 exercises with over 1300 illustrations.

Recent studies of past climate and streamflow conditions have broadened understanding of long-term water availability in the Colorado River, revealing many periods when streamflow was lower than at any time in the past 100 years of recorded flows. That information, along with two important trends-a rapid increase in urban populations in the West and significant climate warming in the region-will require that water managers prepare for possible reductions in water supplies that cannot be fully averted through traditional means. Colorado River Basin Water Management assesses existing scientific information, including temperature and streamflow records, tree-ring based reconstructions, and climate model projections, and how it relates to Colorado River water supplies and demands, water management, and drought preparedness. The book concludes that successful adjustments to new conditions will entail strong and sustained cooperation among the seven Colorado River basin states and recommends conducting a comprehensive basinwide study of urban water practices that can be used to help improve planning for future droughts and water shortages.