Excreta and wastewater sludge are resources. Finding ways to put them to their best uses is part of developing sustainable human communities. But if not managed properly, excreta and sludge can be dangerous to human health and the environment. How to integrate theses opposing concepts is an ongoing worldwide challenge. This Atlas provides examples of how this challenge is addressed around the globe. The 59 reports provide insights into the similarities and differences in the management of excreta, wastewater, and biosolids in 37 countries. This compilation of information includes specific information from 19% of the member states of the United Nations, and includes representation of diverse countries and the full spectrum of management programs.

Compares operational practices and legislation for the disposal of sludge or biosolids in more than 20 countries. Each region or country includes: selection of disposal practices, economic information, landfill option, incineration option, agricultural service practice, use on grazing land, use on arable land, domestic use of biosolids, use in forest or woodland, use on conservation land or recreational land, use in land reclamation, and production of by products.

With the increased volume of sewage sludge generated as a result of extended sewerage and advanced wastewater treatments, its management is becoming of ever greater concern in both industrialised and emerging countries.During recent years there has been a worldwide movement toward a strategy of reusing and taking advantage of the energy content of residues, in particular of transforming a waste material produced by a treatment works (sludge) into a useful and usable product (biosolid). The selection of a use/disposal method or management system is often based on factors such as local traditions, personal experience, public opinion, etc., with less emphasis on the much more important technical factors, such as local geography, climate, land use, availability of disposal sites and regulatory constraints.Sludge into Biosolids gives up-to-date coverage of sludge treatments and of its use and disposal, focusing on the practical aspects of sludge/biosolids management. Operational variables and sludge properties affecting each management operation are discussed.Sludge into Biosolids provides a comprehensive overview for practitioners, graduates and researchers as well as politicians, decision-makers and public administrators, not only of the different options for using/disposing of sewage sludge and the requirements to be met for each of them, but also of the different methods for processing sewage sludge in order to modify its physical, chemical and biological properties, to meet the requirements for its utilization.ContentsPart I: Sludge Production and CharacterizationPart II:Options for Biosolids Utilization and Sludge Disposal Part III: Treatments and Operations

Following a successful first edition published in 2007, the follow-up 2011 edition of Wastewater Sludge - A Global Overview of the Current Status and Future Prospects will present an updated and expanded perspective on developments in relation to wastewater sludge around the world. Sludge arising from wastewater treatment represents a serious environmental issue, requiring technological and management solutions to ensure it is processed in a safe and economically efficient manner. Extension of sewers, the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities and the upgrading of existing wastewater plants means the amount of sludge to be handled continues to increase. Alongside this, aspects relating to energy consumption and sustainable operation need to be considered. Within this general picture, sludge is generated in different technical, economic and social contexts around the world, demanding that different approaches need to be taken. The 2011 edition of this report provides a strategic overview of the wastewater sludge market around the world, based on regional and country contributions. These look at the current situation in terms of sludge generation, legislation, technology applied and management management approaches. These will then look at anticipated developments over the short / medium term, including expected developments in terms of legislation and the technology and management solutions to be implemented. These will be complemented by longer term perspectives also. The report has been prepared for the Market Briefing Series of the International Water Association's magazine Water21, with input from IWA's network of wastewater sludge experts around the world. Contributions in the 2011 edition include Western Europe, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Eastern Europe, Turkey, USA, Canada, Latin America / Caribbean, Colombia, Brazil, East Asia, Korea, Malaysia, South Asia, China, Africa, and Australasia.

Provides information on fertilizer use, consumption patterns, composition & regulations. This information is for fertilizers from natural mineral sources & those that are derived from industrial byproducts. The data for heavy metals in fertilizers are used to provide estimates of the rates at which these metals may be added to agricultural soils from standard agronomic practices. The additions of heavy metals to agricultural soil are discussed in terms of federal & international regulations. This report focuses on inorganic fertilizers & their application to agricultural lands. Also gives information on biosolids (sewage sludge) & its regulations, & on the use of recycled industrial byproducts as fertilizers. Tables.