Validation is the subjective process that determines the accuracy with which the mathematical model describes the actual physical phenomenon. This research was conducted in order to validate the use of finite element analysis for springback compensation in 3D scanning of sheet metal objects. The measurement uncertainty analysis was used to compare the digitized 3D model of deformed sheet metal product with the 3D model obtained by simulated deformation. The influence factors onto 3D scanning and numerical simulation processes are identified and analysed. It is shown that major contribution to measurement uncertainty comes from scanning method and deviations of parts due to manufacturing technology. The analysis results showed that numerical methods, such as finite element method, can successfully be used in computer aided quality control and automated inspection of manufactured parts.

Validation is the subjective process that determines the accuracy with which the mathematical model describes the actual physical phenomenon. This research was conducted in order to validate the use of finite element analysis for springback compensation in 3D scanning of sheet metal objects. The measurement uncertainty analysis was used to compare the digitized 3D model of deformed sheet metal product with the 3D model obtained by simulated deformation. The influence factors onto 3D scanning and numerical simulation processes are identified and analyzed. It is shown that major contribution to measurement uncertainty comes from scanning method and deviations of parts due to manufacturing technology. The analysis results showed that numerical methods, such as finite element method, can successfully be used in computer-aided quality control and automated inspection of manufactured parts.

The concept of virtual manufacturing has been developed in order to increase the industrial performances, being one of the most ef cient ways of reducing the m- ufacturing times and improving the quality of the products. Numerical simulation of metal forming processes, as a component of the virtual manufacturing process, has a very important contribution to the reduction of the lead time. The nite element method is currently the most widely used numerical procedure for s- ulating sheet metal forming processes. The accuracy of the simulation programs used in industry is in uenced by the constitutive models and the forming limit curves models incorporated in their structure. From the above discussion, we can distinguish a very strong connection between virtual manufacturing as a general concept, ?nite element method as a numerical analysis instrument and constitutive laws,aswellas forming limit curves as a speci city of the sheet metal forming processes. Consequently, the material modeling is strategic when models of reality have to be built. The book gives a synthetic presentation of the research performed in the eld of sheet metal forming simulation during more than 20 years by the members of three international teams: the Research Centre on Sheet Metal Forming—CERTETA (Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania); AutoForm Company from Zürich, Switzerland and VOLVO automotive company from Sweden. The rst chapter presents an overview of different Finite Element (FE) formu- tions used for sheet metal forming simulation, now and in the past.

Digital image correlation (DIC) has become the most popular full field measurement technique in experimental mechanics. It is a versatile and inexpensive measurement method that provides a large amount of experimental data. Because DIC takes advantage of a huge variety of image modalities, the technique allows covering a wide range of space and time scales. Stereo extends the scope of DIC to non-planar cases, which are more representative of industrial use cases. With the development of tomography, digital volume correlation now provides access to volumetric data, enabling the study of the inner behavior of materials and structures.However, the use of DIC data to quantitatively validate models or accurately identify a set of constitutive parameters remains challenging. One of the reasons lies in the compromises between measurement resolution and spatial resolution. Second, the question of the boundary conditions is still open. Another reason is that the measured displacements are not directly comparable with usual simulations. Finally, the use of full field data leads to new computational challenges.

This book deals with metal processing and its numerical modelling and simulation. In total, 21 papers from different distinguished authors have been compiled in this area. Various processes are addressed, including solidification, TIG welding, additive manufacturing, hot and cold rolling, deep drawing, pipe deformation, and galvanizing. Material models are developed at different length scales from atomistic simulation to finite element analysis in order to describe the evolution and behavior of materials during thermal and thermomechanical treatment. Materials under consideration are carbon, Q&T, DP, and stainless steels; ductile iron; and aluminum, nickel-based, and titanium alloys. The developed models and simulations shall help to predict structure evolution, damage, and service behavior of advanced materials.

These proceedings exchange ideas and knowledge among engineers, designers and managers on how to support real-world value chains by developing additive manufactured series products. The papers from the conference show a holistic, multidisciplinary view.