Two Years in Outer Galaxy By: Tegegne Wassie Destiny is not what you can make or change: there are natural conditions beyond your challenge. A man unintentionally stepped on a wrong spot to find himself in a new city, in a new land, in a new world called “Biqat” in an outer galaxy. Fortunately, the world he ended up in was very civilized and had advanced technology. He was welcomed, treated well, and cured of his terminal illnesses that he could not find a cure for on Earth. He continued to travel the rest of Biqat, a nation of five big planets. From there, the man explored beyond Biqat. Let us share his exciting experiences. Knowledge is a collection of experiences. Naturally, we have acquired knowledge from collected experiences over time. We find knowledge conditioned and kept in human cages, while raw knowledge is in the open, free in the wild outside human cages. It has been said that you are what you feed. Books are one of the enhancers of experiences and we read them to enhance our experiences and we write books to share our experiences. Different experiences give spaces for evaluation and judgments to experiences we accumulate. The more we are exposed to different experiences, the more critial we are. We don’t take things as they are, at face value. This book touches almost every individual’s life in our society.

This review examines all the key physical processes involved in the formation and evolution of the Milky Way, based on an international meeting held in Granada (Spain).

" ... Concise explanations and descriptions - easily read and readily understood - of what we know of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and Sun-Climate."--Dear Reader.

The Solar System is an incredible neighborhood centered around one very important star called the Sun. Discover the many amazing objects that call the Solar System home! In this simple Solar System book for kindergarten and first grade, kids are introduced to basic space concepts that are made easy to follow and remember. Starting at the Sun and working outward through the planets and belts, children will discover space objects and follow the flow of the solar wind, taking a fun and informative tour of the Solar System. Both boys and girls ages 5-8 will love the bright, colorful images of the planets and objects brought to life as characters, making learning more enjoyable and engaging. Kids will enjoy learning facts with the imaginatively illustrated Sun and planets that help build a love of learning while simultaneously presenting educational and scientific facts. Large print and easy to follow information tell all about the solar system for kids at preschool level learning. Travel the Solar System in an imaginary spaceship that tours the planets, and both belts, all the way to where the Solar System ends, and interstellar space begins. How many planets are in the Solar System? What type of planets are they? What happens to the solar wind? Have any spacecraft made it out of the Solar System? Where does the Solar System end? Find the answer to these questions and many more. I Am the Solar System is an excellent book for preschoolers, kindergarteners, and first graders just beginning to understand the basic concepts of the Solar System they are part of.I Am the Solar System, along with the numerous other books in the I Am series are a great addition to the Montessori method of teaching. The I Am series is geared toward scientific learning and independent thought. An excellent companion for Montessori classroom activities and as a stand alone read aloud.

"To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the first successful planetary mission, Mariner 2 sent to Venus in 1962, the NASA History Program Office, the Division of Space History at the National Air and Space Museum, NASA's Science Mission Directorate, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory organized a symposium. "Solar System Exploration @ 50" was held in Washington, D.C., on 25-26 October 2012. The purpose of this symposium was to consider, over the more than 50-year history of the Space Age, what we have learned about the other bodies of the solar system and the processes by which we have learned it. Symposium organizers asked authors to address broad topics relating to the history of solar system exploration such as various flight projects, the development of space science disciplines, the relationship between robotic exploration and human spaceflight, the development of instruments and methodologies for scientific exploration, as well as the development of theories about planetary science, solar system origins and implications for other worlds. The papers in this volume provide a richly textured picture of important developments - and some colorful characters - in a half century of solar system exploration. A comprehensive history of the first 50 years of solar system exploration would fill many volumes. What readers will find in this volume is a collection of interesting stories about money, politics, human resources, commitment, competition and cooperation, and the "faster, better, cheaper" era of solar system exploration"--

Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Dark Gravity make life possible!This book for the lay reader provides a summary of the latest astrophysical observational results and theoretical insights into what we know and what we hope to learn about dark matter, dark energy, and dark gravity.How did the profound beauty of our Earth, our Solar System, our Milky Way galaxy and indeed our universe unfold? Dark matter, dark energy, and dark gravity have made all the difference in how the universe has developed, and have been key to creating the overall environment that makes life possible. We have only recently developed the ability to begin unlocking their secrets, thus providing a deeper insight into how a universe of our type is possible. It seems that because of dark matter, dark energy and dark (weak) gravity, our universe has the right attributes for the development of complex structure and the evolution of intelligent life that can engage in the quest to understand our world. These "dark" or more hidden attributes of the cosmos have very good outcomes.In particular, the existence of dark matter makes it easier to form complex structures, including galaxies, stars and planets through gravitational collapse of denser regions of the universe. Planets are the most suitable abodes for the development of life. Dark energy acts to extend the lifetime of the universe by counteracting gravity and driving continued expansion of the universe.Even as far back as the 1930s there has been evidence that most of the matter in the universe was not visible via electromagnetic radiation (optical light, radio waves, etc.). By the last few decades of the 20th century, the case for a considerable amount of this dark matter was very strong. It is the second largest contributor to the total mass-energy of the universe. We don't know what it is and there are various candidates to explain it; nevertheless we see the gravitational effects of dark matter everywhere on the largest scales. Recent observational results indicate that dark matter dominates by a factor of 6 relative to the ordinary matter that makes up stars, planets, and living things.We now know that the major contributor to the mass-energy of the universe is not the substantial dark matter, but the 'newer' so-called dark energy. Dark energy acts to some extent as a negative gravity, and for the last several billion years has driven the expansion of the universe to a faster and faster pace, overcoming even the gravitational effect of dark matter. We have a general idea that it is the irreducible energy found in every volume of space, even in the absence of matter - in the vacuum. We don't understand why it takes the value that it does, one that is small in quantum particle physics terms, but nevertheless is of great significance on the large cosmological scale of the universe. The third important aspect to consider is not a mass-energy component, but the nature of gravity and space-time. The big question here is - why is gravity so relatively weak, as compared to the other 3 forces of nature? These 3 forces are the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. Gravity is different - it has a dark or hidden side. It may very well operate in extra dimensions beyond the normal 4 dimensions of space-time that we can observe. This is what we mean in this book by "dark gravity".

This review of the most up-to-date observational and theoretical information concerning the chemical evolution of the Milky Way compares the abundances derived from field stars and clusters, giving information on the abundances and dynamics of gas.