The action takes place in late August 1833 at a hedge-school in the townland of Baile Beag, an Irish-speaking community in County Donegal. In a nearby field camps a recently arrived detachment of the Royal Engineers, making the first Ordnance Survey. For the purposes of cartography, the local Gaelic place names have to be recorded and rendered into English. In examining the effects of this operation on the lives of a small group, Brian Friel skillfully reveals the far-reaching personal and cultural effects of an action which is at first sight purely administrative.

When it first appeared in 1975, After Babel created a sensation, quickly establishing itself as both a controversial and seminal study of literary theory. In the original edition, Steiner provided readers with the first systematic investigation since the eighteenth century of the phenomenology and processes of translation both inside and between languages. Taking issue with the principal emphasis of modern linguistics, he finds the root of the "Babel problem" in our deep instinct for privacy and territory, noting that every people has in its language a unique body of shared secrecy. With this provocative thesis he analyzes every aspect of translation from fundamental conditions of interpretation to the most intricate of linguistic constructions.For the long-awaited second edition, Steiner entirely revised the text, added new and expanded notes, and wrote a new preface setting the work in the present context of hermeneutics, poetics, and translation studies. This new edition brings the bibliography up to the present with substantially updated references, including much Russian and Eastern European material. Like the towering figures of Derrida, Lacan, and Foucault, Steiner's work is central to current literary thought. After Babel, Third Edition is essential reading for anyone hoping to understand the debates raging in the academy today.

Brian Friel is widely recognized as Ireland's greatest living playwright, winning an international reputation through such acclaimed works as Translations (1980) and Dancing at Lughnasa (1990). This 2006 collection of specially commissioned essays includes contributions from leading commentators on Friel's work (including two fellow playwrights) and explores the entire range of his career from his 1964 breakthrough with Philadelphia, Here I Come! to his most recent success in Dublin and London with The Home Place (2005). The essays approach Friel's plays both as literary texts and as performed drama, and provide the perfect introduction for students of both English and Theatre Studies, as well as theatregoers. The collection considers Friel's lesser-known works alongside his more celebrated plays and provides a comprehensive critical survey of his career. This is a comprehensive study of Friel's work, and includes a chronology and further reading suggestions.

Is your enjoyment of Brian Friel's work hampered by a lack of Irish historical knowledge? Are you studying his plays and looking for help with interpretation? Do you teach Friel and need reliable guide to the plays? A Faber Critical Guide to Brian Friel's major work gives all this and more.It gives an introduction to the distinctive features of the playwright's work; it explains the significance of the playwright in the context of modern theatre; it provides a detailed analysis of each of the classic plays in terms of language, structure and character; and it includes features of performance and a select bibliography.Compiled by experts in their field, for use in the classroom, college or at home, Faber Critical Guides are the essential companions to the work of leading dramatists.

THE STORY: This extraordinary play is the story of five unmarried sisters eking out their lives in a small village in Ireland in l936. We meet them at the time of the festival of Lughnasa, which celebrates the pagan god of the harvest with drunken

Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Didactics - English - Literature, Works, grade: 2,0, University of Salzburg, language: English, abstract: The Irish history is a history of disempowerment. The invasion by the English triggered a decline of Irish history and language, which resulted in a rise of English power. However, the English have not been able to gain full control over Ireland, and the Irish defended their land not only physically but also verbally through literature. This struggle for power is represented in Brian Friel’s Translations. The play takes place in 1833, a time of the first Ordnance Survey, and emergence of the new National Schools; the action happens at a hedge school in a small Irish speaking community, where no English is taught or thought to be important. Nevertheless, throughout the story the English language becomes more and more dominant as English soldiers arrive, the mapping of Ireland becomes central, or the national schools were simply responding to the needs of the times. Language plays not only a significant role in the story but is also a powerful element. In Translations, a power shift is represented through the change in the use of and the attitude towards language as well as through the process of language substitution. This paper discusses these changes in relation to the element of power within Ireland.