Part I of this report discusses the short- and medium-term growth prospects for countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The region is expected to grow at a subdued rate of 0.6 percent in 2019, rising to 2.6 percent in 2020 and 2.9 percent in 2021. The growth forecast for 2019 is revised down by 0.8 percentage points from the April 2019 projection. MENA’s economic outlook is subject to substantial downside risks—most notably, intensified global economic headwinds and rising geopolitical tensions. Part II argues that promoting fair competition is key for MENA countries to complete the transition from an administered to a market economy. Part II first examines current competition policies in MENA countries and to promote fair competition calls for strengthening competition law and enforcement agencies. It also calls for corporatizing state-owned enterprises, promoting the private sector and creating a level-playing field between them. Any moves to reform MENA economies would be aided by professional management of public assets, which could tap into a new source of national wealth.

Discover the heart and soul of sustainable living with "Trading Together," a guide that reimagines the power of community in modern homesteading. Dive into a comprehensive exploration of self-sufficiency, where the richness of sharing and trading becomes the cornerstone of a thriving micro-economy. As you embark on this journey, you'll uncover the essentials of embracing the homesteading lifestyle, delving deep into its benefits and the profound impact it can have on your local community. Take the first steps to tailor a life that aligns with your passions, the needs of your surroundings, and the shared values of those around you. "Trading Together" invites you to finetune your focus, creating a niche that synchronizes with market demands while aligning with your unique skill set. Get inspired by success stories that illuminate the path from hobbyist to homestead trailblazer. Cultivate connections that bloom beyond your garden, as you plan and harvest with the intention of exchange. Your labour's love doesn't end with the seasons; extend your reach into the community through plant swaps, seed sharing, and value-added products born from your care. Progress from cultivation to craftmanship with insights on animal husbandry and the artisanal treasures that can be traded within your community. Navigate the delicate intricacies of local regulations while forging a name for yourself in the marketplace for ethical and sustainable goods. Transform your kitchen into a bustling hub of flavour and fellowship, mastering the trades of preservation, niche food products, and educational workshops that feed both body and soul. Embrace the maker's spirit with DIY projects and crafts that blend the joy of creation with economic value. Discover how to leverage your talents, collaborate with local artisans, and tap into online marketplaces to amplify your homestead's presence. Venture into cutting-edge territories as you explore how renewable energy and technology can be used to bolster efficiency in trading and homesteading practices, ensuring your footprint on this earth is as gentle as it is prosperous. Education, skill-sharing, and community-focused events become more than activities; they are the threads that weave a tight-knit tapestry of like-minded individuals all contributing to an alternative economic landscape where bartering and local currencies flourish. Through "Trading Together," step into a world where legalities are navigated with confidence, where trust is the currency of choice, and where diverse backgrounds unite for a collective purpose. Chart the course for a homestead economy that treasures personal growth and community wellbeing as true measures of success, telling your story and charting a legacy that will nourish generations to come. Join a movement that's more than a trend, it's a timeless way of life. Explore "Trading Together," and turn the page to a community-centric world where every trade enriches not just a homestead, but a life interwoven with others in meaningful and transformative ways.

This book sets out to replace the outdated notion of ‘Indo-Roman trade’, integrating new findings from the last 30 years. Analysis conducted demonstrates that highly substantial levels of trade took place between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean in the 1st–6th c. altering consumption and production in India, South Arabia and the Roman Empire.

Framed within the common goal of advancing trade justice and South-North solidarity, The Fair Trade Handbook presents a broad interpretation of fair trade and a wide-ranging dialogue between different viewpoints. Canadian researchers in particular have advanced a transformative vision of fair trade, rooted in the cooperative movement and arguing for a more central role for Southern farmers and workers. Contributors to this book look at the issues within global trade, and assess fair trade and how to make it more effective against the broader structures of the capitalist, colonialist, racist and patriarchal global economy. The debates and discussions are set within a critical development studies and critical political economy framework. However, this book will appeal to a wide range of readers, as it translates the key issues for a popular audience. Includes : A Lively Bean that Brightens Lives: A Graphic Story by Bill Barrett and Curt Shoultz

If you have experience in option trading, or a strong understanding of the options markets, but want to better understand how to trade given certain market conditions, this is the book for you. Many people have some knowledge of trading strategies, but have no idea how to pull it all together. Mark Sebastian’s latest book will teach trade evaluation, using Greeks, trading various spreads under different market conditions, portfolio-building, and risk management. Sebastian’s approach will help traders understand how to find edge, what kind of trade under what conditions will capture edge, and how to create and successfully hedge to help you build your own personal Goldman Sachs or Merrill Lynch. The book demonstrates how to structure a portfolio of trades that makes more money with less risk. Click here to watch the author's interviews with Fox Business and Nasdaq: http://video.foxbusiness.com/v/5759956686001/ https://youtu.be/dOEJ118vMnA