Discusses the discontent of the 1920s as expressed by American intellectuals. -- Introduction.

This book addresses the ways in which the figure of the intellectuals and their relationship to the public has been theorized through the conceptualizations of bureaucracy, democracy, and communism as universal processes from the 19th century to the present. Starting with Hegel and Marx, the author looks at the rise of the figure of the universal intellectual in various forms, before turning to what is presented as a transformation of the figure of the intellectual into 'the public intellectual' advanced by the New Philosophies and the critical response offered by Edward Said. The study presents two comparative case studies: the Iranian Revolution and the public intellectuals in Europe, specifically in Norway, before concluding with a focus on the decay of the figure of the intellectuals and highlighting Ranciere's critique of the intellectual/masses distinction. Yadullah Shahibzadeh is author of The Iranian Political Language: From the late Nineteenth Century to the Present (2015) and Islamism and Post-Islamism in Iran: An Intellectual History (2016). Previously, he taught at the University of Oslo, Norway.