This handsome volume is the first photographically illustrated textbook to present for both the student and the working archaeologist the anatomy of the human skeleton and the study of skeletal remains from an anthropological perspective. It describes the skeleton as not just a structure, but a working system in the living body. The opening chapter introduces basics of osteology, or the study of bones, the specialized and often confusing terminology of the field, and methods for dealing scientifically with bone specimens. The second chapter covers the biology of living bone: its structure, growth, interaction with the rest of the body, and response to disease and injury. The remainder of the book is a head-to-foot, structure-by-structure, bone-by-bone tour of the skeleton. More than 400 photographs and drawings and more than 80 tables illustrate and analyze features the text describes. In each chapter structures are discussed in detail so that not only can landmarks of bones be identified, but their functions can be understood and their anomalies identified as well. Each bone's articulating partners are listed, and the sequence of ossification of each bone is presented. Descriptive sections are followed by analyses of applications: how to use specific bones to estimate age, stature, gender, biological affinities, and state of health at the time of the individual's death. Anthropologists, archaeologists, and paleontologists as well as physicians, medical examiners, anatomists, and students of these disciplines will find this an invaluable reference and textbook.

Excerpt from The Anatomy of the Human Skeleton IT is not necessary to lay emphasis on the importance of a knowledge of the skeleton as an integral part of the study Of human anatomy, and, in the literature bearing upon the subject, we find masterly accounts of the constituent bones which rank as classics in the education of the student. In this book I have ventured to wander in some degree from the well-trodden road and to lead the reader by other ways to the comprehension of his subject. My intention has been to induce him to think of the bones as they exist in the body rather than as they lie on the table before him, and to do this I have laid stress - because he must use the prepared Specimens on the meaning of small details and on the relations of the bone, and have relegated the pure description Of the dry bone to a secondary place in other words, each part of the skeleton has been used as a peg on which to hang a consideration of the neigh bouring structures, in the hope that this may afford a new point of view to the reader and enable him to grasp the intimate connection between them. Such a way of regarding the skeleton Opens up a very extensive field of description, and within the limits of a student's hand-book it is only possible to deal with some out of the many points which Offer themselves for development, but I hope that those of which I have treated in this volume may be of value to the student and may lead him to think Of the skeleton as something more than a dry subject for study, and to search for reasons for the hundred and one abstract and concrete qualities which his own observation will prove any particular bone to possess. If it has this effect, one of my objects in writing the book will have been attained. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

The Human Skeletal Anatomy: Laboratory Manual and Workbook has been designed to help students who are enrolled in courses dedicated to this topic. It is the product of many years of designing and instructing a Human Skeletal Biology course for undergraduate students. The key to this manual is flexibility. Instructors may utilize as much or as little of the manual as they see fit. It is largely based on the regional approach to anatomy. However, the first section of the manual begins with a survey of the microscopic and macroscopic structure of bone. After grounding the student in the basics of bone structure, the manual then turns to the gross morphological anatomy of skeletal elements. The axial skeleton is dealt with first, then the appendicular skeleton. The manual is designed to cover material in an incremental fashion. Specifically, the anatomy of less complicated bones such as the ribs, sternum and hyoid are discussed prior to other axial bones in order to acquaint students with how to handle real bone material in the laboratory. Each successive laboratory session demands more from the student in both the level of understanding and expectations in assigned laboratory exercises. Each laboratory session begins with an introduction in order to familiarize the student with the areas to be studied. Subsequently, the laboratory session has a stated purpose with clear instructions of expectations and learning objectives. 'Important Terms' are clearly indicated in boxes to stress to students that these must be understood. This is then followed by a clear laboratory Procedure for the student to follow. This usually involves the identification of particular features of assigning specific tasks as identified in the various Exercises. Finally, as a means of stressing the applicability of what has been learned in the laboratory exercise, the student will be requested to generate an evaluation of some aspect of the anatomy (such as using a method for determining age at death) from assigned specimens. The student is then required to interpret this information and produce, for the next class or session, a 'Laboratory Research Report.' Guidelines for these reports are contained within this manual. Diagrams/photographs have been provided for students to label. These diagrams are meant to be a study guide. Instructors may wish to add anatomical features or de-emphasize certain features accordingly.