This is a book about proximate mechanisms. Although some theoreti cal structure is used to introduce the subject, the intent is to offer a comprehensive view of the mechanistic side of searching (or foraging) so as to balance the current emphasis of books on mathematical and functional models. It seems to me that the pendulum needs to swing back to studies of how animals behave, and that maybe in so doing models will become valuable again in driving experimentation. I have probably included too many examples in this book, and some are even presented in great detail. Hopefully, they provide a complete picture of the kind of animals used, the experimental setup, the kinds of data yielded, and how the data were analysed. I have done this in response to frustrating experiences of reading chapters in behavioural ecobgy books that provide insufficient information with which to evaluate an author's conclusion.

Information retrieval (IR) is a complex human activity supported by sophisticated systems. Information science has contributed much to the design and evaluation of previous generations of IR system development and to our general understanding of how such systems should be designed and yet, due to the increasing success and diversity of IR systems, many recent textbooks concentrate on IR systems themselves and ignore the human side of searching for information. This book is the first text to provide an information science perspective on IR. Unique in its scope, the book covers the whole spectrum of information retrieval, including: history and background information behaviour and seeking task-based information searching and retrieval approaches to investigating information interaction and behaviour information representation access models evaluation interfaces for IR interactive techniques web retrieval, ranking and personalization recommendation, collaboration and social search multimedia: interfaces and access. Readership: Senior undergraduates and masters' level students of all information and library studies courses and practising LIS professionals who need to better appreciate how IR systems are designed, implemented and evaluated.

Our society’s literate population who are into research and teaching are dependent on libraries for accessing information and information sources. Thus the significance and need of library and information services are widely realized and recognized. Library users always appreciate if the relevant and accurate information is quickly and timely made available to them. Students, research scholars and faculty members are mostly dependent upon the library for information resources and services to fulfill their information needs and to keep themselves up to date. Libraries are acquiring relevant material to meet the requirements of the changing demands of the users. The procurement of information resources by the library and its proper organization helps in information dissemination expeditiously and ensures its optimum use by the users. Users' interests are of prime importance in the library sector. It has a direct bearing on information-seeking behaviour which differs from individual to individual and from discipline to discipline. This book will be of great interest to research scholars, faculty members, students of Punjabi Literature. It will help the librarians to organize their collection accordingly. This book is based on the study conducted by the research in perspective of six universities i.e. University of Delhi (Delhi), University of Jammu (Jammu), Kurukshetra University (Kurukshetra), Panjab University (Chandigarh), Punjabi University (Patiala), Guru Nanak Dev University (Amritsar).

This study investigates the information needs and seeking behaviour of pastors in Namibia. The purpose of this study is to establish the information required by pastors to carry out their work, how they seek information and the problems they encounter in doing so. A mixed-method approach research was used to meet the objectives of the study. A stratified quota sample of 200 pastors was used based on Walpole’s formula for proportions. One hundred and thirty-eight (69%) participants responded to the questionnaire, while 16 pastors from different denominations in Windhoek, purposively selected as key informants, were interviewed. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) basic level descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data from the questionnaires, while content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from the interviews.

The Wide Spectrum Of Overt Responses To Intrinsic Urges And Extrinsic Stimuli By Human And Animal Populations Or Individuals Comprehensively Termed As Ethology Or Behaviour Contributes To Their Very Survival And Success Irrespective Of Their Level Of Organization. In This Compendium, Articles Reflecting A Wide Array Of Behavioural Manifestations Are Presented Function/Phenomenon-Wise Rather Than Evolutionary Group-Wise With A View To Provide The Reader An Opportunity To Look How Living Beings Ranging From Highly Placed Humans To Lowly Placed Invertebrates React To/Respond To/Tackle Similar Situations Such As Foraging, Social Life, Mating, Reproduction, Parental Care And Environmental Stresses. It Is Hoped The Book Would Provide Interesting Reading Material To Researchers And General Readers.

Focuses on behaviour monitoring and interpretation with regard to two main areas of focus: investigation of motion patterns and ambient assisted living. This book presents contributions on research in both these areas. It includes chapters discussing developments in monitoring and representing behaviours, with a focus on movement-based behaviour.