Abstract: In 1981, the USDA proposed changes in meal pattern requirements (in effect since 1946) for the school lunch program. The regulations proposed a decrease in: the amount of protein-rich foods (to one and one/half ounces); fruits or vegetables (to one/half cup); bread (to 1 serving); and milk (to 6 ounces for elementary children). The wisdom of the proposal was questioned by subcommittee Chairman Perkins who believes it will deprive children of nutrients needed for growth, health, and well-being. Interested parties voiced their concerns either for or against the proposals. Statements were received from advocacy groups, food service directors, USDA officials, nutrition experts, parents, and professional organizations. Food consumption surveys, food and nutrition intake studies, and studies of foods eaten away from home were cited. (kbc).

" The National School Lunch Program served more than 31 million children in fiscal year 2012, in part through $11.6 billion in federal supports. The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 required USDA to update nutrition standards for lunches. USDA issued new requirements for lunch components-fruits, vegetables, grains, meats, and milk-and for calories, sodium, and fats in meals. USDA oversees state administration of the program, and states oversee local SFAs, which provide the program in schools. The changes were generally required to be implemented in school year 2012-2013. GAO was asked to provide information on implementation of the lunch changes. GAO assessed (1) lunch participation trends, (2) challenges SFAs faced implementing the changes, if any, and (3) USDA's assistance with and oversight of the changes. To address these areas, GAO used several methods, including review of federal laws, regulations, and guidance; analysis of USDA's lunch participation data; a national survey of state child nutrition program directors; and site visits to eight school districts selected to provide variation in geographic location and certain school district and food service characteristics. "