Like ocean beaches, sheltered coastal areas experience land loss from erosion and sea level rise. In response, property owners often install hard structures such as bulkheads as a way to prevent further erosion, but these structures cause changes in the coastal environment that alter landscapes, reduce public access and recreational opportunities, diminish natural habitats, and harm species that depend on these habitats for shelter and food. Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts recommends coastal planning efforts and permitting policies to encourage landowners to use erosion control alternatives that help retain the natural features of coastal shorelines.

Table of ContentsPREFACE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiLiving Shoreline Summit Steering Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiINTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Keynote: The National Academies Report on Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts. . . . 3Susan RobertsLIVING SHORELINE DESIGN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Integrating Habitat and Shoreline Dynamics into Living Shoreline Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Kevin M. SmithOverview of Living Shoreline Design Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Karen A. DuhringRecommending Appropriate Shoreline Stabilization Methods for DifferentEstuarine Shoreline Types in North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Bonnie BendellDesign Criteria for Tidal Wetlands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Walter I. Priest, IIIEVALUATION OF LIVING SHORELINE TECHNIQUES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Current Understanding of the Effectiveness of Nonstructural and Marsh Sill Approaches. . . . . . . . 35Bhaskaran Subramanian, Eugene Slear, Kevin M. Smith, and Karen A. DuhringA Comparison of Structural and Nonstructural Methods For Erosion Controland Providing Habitat in Virginia Salt Marshes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Karen A. DuhringLiving Shorelines Projects in Maryland in the Past 20 Years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Bhaskaran Subramanian, Johann Martinez, Audra E. Luscher, and David WilsonEvaluating Ecological Impacts of Living Shorelines and Shoreline Habitat Elements:An Example from the Upper Western Chesapeake Bay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Jana L. D. Davis, Richard L. Takacs, and Robert SchnabelLandscape-Level Impacts of Shoreline Development onChesapeake Bay Benthos and Their Predators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Rochelle D. Seitz and Amanda S. LawlessSHORELINE POLICY: REGULATORY OVERVIEW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Regulatory Process for Living Shoreline Implementation in Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Audra E. Luscher, Jana L. D. Davis, Doldon Moore, and Amy MoredockLiving Shoreline SummitviRegulatory Program Overview for Virginia's Submerged Lands andTidal Wetlands and Options for Promoting Living Shorelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Tony Watkinson and Shep MoonTOOLS AND DECISION-MAKING: FACILITATING ANDENCOURAGING LIVING SHORELINE IMPLEMENTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87NOAA's Shoreline Management Technical Assistance Toolbox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Allison C. Castellan and Kris L. WallMaryland Shorelines Online: A Web Portal and Geospatial Toolfor Shoreline Planning and Management in Maryland . . . .. 93Audra E. LuscherLiving Shorelines: A Strategic Approach to Making it Work on the Ground in Virginia. . . . . . . . . . 99William A. Stiles, Jr.Willingness to Pay for Risk Reduction and Amenities:Applications of the Hedonic Price Method in the Coastal Zone. . . 105Craig Landry and Paul HindsleyIncentives to Promote Living Shoreline Techniques in the Chesapeake Bay. . . . . .

More severe storms and rising seas will inexorably push the American coastline inland with profound impact on communities, infrastructure, and natural systems. In A New Coast, Jeffrey Peterson presents the science behind predictions for coastal impacts and explains how current policies fall short of what's needed to prepare for these changes. He outlines a framework of bold, new national policies and funding to support local and state governments. Peterson calls for engagement of citizens, the private sector, as well as local and national leaders in a "campaign for a new coast." This is a forward-looking volume offering new insights for policymakers, planners, business leaders preparing for the changes coming to America's coast.

This timely book is about how to design alternatives to reduce coastal flood and wave damage, erosion, and loss of ecosystems facing an unknown future of sea level rise. The latest theories are interlaced with applied examples from the authors' 48 years of experience in teaching, research, and as a practicing, professional engineer in coastal engineering. The design process takes into consideration all the design constraints (scientific, engineering, economic, environmental, social/political/institutional, aesthetic, and media) to meet today's client needs, expectations, and budgets for an uncertain future.The book is organized as a textbook for graduate students. And, it is a self-contained reference for government and consulting engineers responsible for finding solutions to coastal hazards facing the world's coastal populations. New solutions are included in the book that help people of all socio-economic levels living at the coast. Both risk reduction metrics quantified in monetary terms, and increased resilience metrics quantified as vulnerability reduction must now be taken into consideration to make equitable design decisions on hazard mitigation alternatives.In the Anthropocene Era, under 'deep uncertainty' in global mean sea level predictions for the future, today's designs must mitigate today's storm damages, and be adaptable for the unpredictable water levels and storms of the future. This book includes a design 'philosophy' for water levels to year 2050 and for the long term from 2050 to 2100. Multiple spreadsheets are provided and organized to aid the design process.This is an exciting time to be 'thinkers' as Civil/Coastal engineers.Related Link(s)

This Proceedings contains over 260 papers on cutting-edge research presented at the eighth international Symposium on Coastal Sediment Processes, held May 11 - 15, 2015, in San Diego, California, USA. This technical specialty conference was devoted to promoting an interdisciplinary exchange of state-of-the-art knowledge among researchers in the fields of coastal engineering, geology, oceanography, and related disciplines, with the theme of Understanding and Working with Nature.Focusing on the physical aspects of the sediment processes in various coastal environments, this Proceedings provides findings from the latest research and newest engineering applications. Sessions covered a wide range of topics including barrier islands, beaches, climate and sea level, cohesive and noncohesive sediments, coastal bluffs, coastal marsh, dredged sediments, inlet and navigation channels, regional sediment management, river deltas, shore protection, tsunamis, and vegetation-sediment interaction. Several special sessions included: Relevant science for changing coastlines: A Tribute to Gary Griggs; North Atlantic Coast Comprehensive Study and post-super-storm Sandy work; long-term coastal evolution; barrier islands of Louisiana; sea-level rise and super storms in a warming world; predicting decadal coastal geomorphic evolution; and contrasting Pacific coastal behavior with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), are also featured.