This volume gathers the proceedings of the IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy, which was held from 18 to 22 June 2018 at the Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Since 2006, the Hotine-Marussi Symposia series has been produced under the auspices of the Inter-Commission Committee on Theory (ICCT) within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The ICCT has organized the last four Hotine-Marussi Symposia, held in Wuhan (2006) and Rome (2009, 2013 and 2018). The overall goal of the ICCT and Hotine-Marussi Symposia has always been to advance geodetic theory, as reflected in the 25 peer-reviewed research articles presented here. The IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium was divided into 10 topical sessions covering all aspects of geodetic theory including reference frames, gravity field modelling, adjustment theory, atmosphere, time series analysis and advanced numerical methods. In total 118 participants attended the Symposium and delivered 82 oral and 37 poster presentations. During a special session at the Accademia Nazionale deiLincei, the oldest scientific academy in the world, six invited speakers discussed interactions of geodesy with oceanography, glaciology, atmospheric research, mathematics, Earth science and seismology.

This volume gathers the proceedings of the IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy, which was held from 18 to 22 June 2018 at the Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Since 2006, the Hotine-Marussi Symposia series has been produced under the auspices of the Inter-Commission Committee on Theory (ICCT) within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The ICCT has organized the last four Hotine-Marussi Symposia, held in Wuhan (2006) and Rome (2009, 2013 and 2018). The overall goal of the ICCT and Hotine-Marussi Symposia has always been to advance geodetic theory, as reflected in the 25 peer-reviewed research articles presented here. The IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium was divided into 10 topical sessions covering all aspects of geodetic theory including reference frames, gravity field modelling, adjustment theory, atmosphere, time series analysis and advanced numerical methods. In total 118 participants attended the Symposium and delivered 82 oral and 37 poster presentations. During a special session at the Accademia Nazionale deiLincei, the oldest scientific academy in the world, six invited speakers discussed interactions of geodesy with oceanography, glaciology, atmospheric research, mathematics, Earth science and seismology.

Based on the IV Hotine-Marussi Symposium held in Trento, the volume covers three important topics: boundary value problems, satellite geodesy and stochastic methods in geodesy. The first part deals with boundary value problems which are tackled from both the theoretical and the numerical point of view. The part on satellite geodesy deals with the simulation of the GOCE mission, the integration of satellite gradiometry and airborne gravity for gravity-filed recovery, satellite-to-satellite tracking and orbit sensitivity analysis. Various applied and theoretical contributions are devoted to the stochastic methods applied to geodesy. The book presents the state-of-the-art of the main topics in the theoretical and methodological aspects of geodesy.

The Hotine-Marussi Symposium is the core meeting of a “think thank”, a group scientists in the geodetic environment working on theoretical and methodological subjects, while maintaining the foundations of geodesy to the proper level by corresponding to the strong advancements improved by technological development in the field of ICT, electronic computing, space technology, new measurement devices etc. The proceedings of the symposium cover a broad area of arguments which integrate the foundations of geodesy as a science. The common feature of the papers therefore is not on the object, but rather in the high mathematical standards with which subjects are treated.

This book contains a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the VIII Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy in Rome, 17-21 June, 2013. The scientific sessions focused on global reference systems, geodetic data analysis, geopotential modelling, gravity field mapping as well as digital terrain modelling. A special chapter is dedicated to understand the generation of Flash.

Just as in the era of great achievements by scientists such as Newton and Gauss, the mathematical theory of geodesy is continuing the tradition of producing exciting theoretical results, but today the advances are due to the great technological push in the era of satellites for earth observations and large computers for calculations. Every four years a symposium on methodological matters documents this ongoing development in many related underlying areas such as estimation theory, stochastic modelling, inverse problems, and satellite-positioning global-reference systems. This book presents developments in geodesy and related sciences, including applied mathematics, among which are many new results of high intellectual value to help readers stay on top of the latest happenings in the field.