Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), the spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is the most important pest affecting berry crop production worldwide. The global fresh fruit trade, coupled with the ability of the larvae to hide inside the fruit undetected until after transportation, facilitate their distribution. SWD is native to Asia, but is increasingly found in other regions: occurrences have been recorded in the Americas and Europe, and Africa, and the insects have the potential to adapt and become established in Oceania. Gathering the experiences of leading scientists in the management of D. suzukii around the globe, the book addresses D. suzukii monitoring; biological, chemical and cultural control; sterile insect technique (SIT); integrated pest management (IPM), and other control methods. It also discusses the use of drones, GPS, biotechnology, telemetry and other technological tools to make the management of this pest more efficient and accurate. As such, it is a valuable resource for scientists, professionals and students.

Treatments included 1) ACV, 2) yeast-sugar-water, 3) yeast-sugar-water with whole wheat flour, dish detergent, and ACV, and 4) rice vinegar and red grape wine with dish detergent. The two yeast baits captured significantly more SWD than the vinegar baits. Finally, a field-based laboratory bioassay was used to identify chemical tools for managing SWD in blueberries. Seven treatments including 1) Belay® (high and low rate), 3) Danitol® (high and low rate), 5) Mustang Max®, 6) Delegate®, and 7) a water-treated control were evaluated against SWD. Belay® (both rates) was ineffective at reducing SWD adult activity throughout the 14 day experiment. Danitol® (both rates), Mustang Max®, and Delegate® were equally effective at reducing adult activity up to seven days. Danitol® (both rates) also reduced larval emergence. Successful tactics will be integrated into an IPM program for management of SWD in southern blueberries.

Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive frugivorous fly native to Eastern and Southeastern Asia introduced to North America in 2008. Drosophila suzukii has rapidly expanded its range and is now found in Europe, the Americas, and Asia. The capability of D. suzukii to attack intact ripening fruit, a unique trait among drosophilids, makes it a formidable economic threat to fruit crop production regions, including the sweet cherry industry in the United States. Adult flies oviposit into the skin of fruit and larvae consequently damage fruit by feeding internally, rendering it unmarketable. Pest management tactics for fruit crops within D. suzukii's host range are dominated by chemically intensive prophylactic control methods to mitigate damage for which there is nearly zero tolerance. Since its arrival to present, research has been aimed at developing management strategies that are less chemical-dependent, including cultural and mechanical approaches. Within the trapping and monitoring framework of integrated pest management (IPM), commercial lures, baits and traps were tested in commercial orchards to evaluate their efficacy in selectivity and performance. I evaluated the potential for attracticides to be added to the IPM toolbox, a more selective method of chemical control. In a chemical-intensive management system, residues of insecticides currently in use were tested for residual control and route of exposure differences. Lastly, attraction behavior modulation by yeast species Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus) was characterized for effects on flight and copulation of D. suzukii. These findings show that D. suzukii behavior is influenced by H. uvarum, which provide background information for further behavioral studies. Components of this dissertation add to the current literature of this relatively new invasive pest.

In the light of increasing restrictions on pesticides, this collection reviews advances in understanding key diseases and insect pests of tree fruit. It shows how this understanding can be used to improve integrated disease and pest management techniques.