This book covers the principal topical issues in the basic science of glasses and amorphous thin films. It also includes select applications of these materials in evolving technologies, including digital recording, imaging, solar cells, battery technology and field emission displays. The book can serve as a text for a graduate course in glass science. For an established researcher, it provides, in a concise form, an overview of the basic materials research aspect of these fascinating materials.

This book reviews principal topical issues on the basic science of glasses and amorphous thin-films. It also includes select applications of these materials in current and evolving technologies, including optical recording, imaging, solar cells, battery technology and field-emission displays. The glass systems of interest include oxides, chalcogenides and chalcohalides of the group III, IV and V elements, as well as amorphous thin-films of the group IV elements. Glass formation in covalent melts can be understood in terms of new ideas based on constraint counting algorithms which have led to the fragile-strong classification and to the concept of rigidity transition. Vibrational excitations and characterization of the atomic scale structure at various length scales are addressed by an array of experimental probes, including X-ray and neutron scattering, Brillouin scattering, Raman scattering and infrared reflectance, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, nuclear quadrupole resonance and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Chapters are also devoted to the physics of electronic transport in amorphous materials, to the physics of tunneling states in crystalline and amorphous solids, and the physics of light-induced effects in glasses. In addition, a chapter is devoted to the rapidly evolving field of numerical simulations of disordered systems by computer modeling. Each of these topics is discussed by experts who have made significant contributions to the field. The book can serve as a text for a graduate course in glass science. For an established researcher, it provides, in a concise form, a large body of experimental data on the basic materials research aspect of these fascinating materials. Contents:Glass Formation and the Nature of the Glass Transition (C A Angell)Dual Nature of Molecular Glass Transitions (J C Phillips)The Generic Phenomenology of Glass Formation (I Gutzow)The Structure and Rigidity of Network Glasses (M F Thorpe et al.)Glass Structure by Scattering Methods and Spectroscopy:X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction (A C Wright)Mössbauer Spectroscopy (P Boolchand)Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) Studies of Glass Structure (P J Bray)Solid State NMR as a Structural Tool in Glass Science (H Eckert)Vibrational Excitations in Glasses:Inelastic Neutron Scattering (R L Cappelletti)Rigidity Transition and Lamb-Mössbauer Factors (P Boolchand)Raman Scattering (K Murase)Low Frequency Vibrational Excitations in Glasses by Brillouin and Raman Scattering (C Levelut)Tunneling Systems in Crystalline and Amorphous Solids (S Hunklinger & C Enss)Electronic Transport in Disordered Semiconductors (H Overhoff & P Thomas)Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Network Glasses (D A Drabold)Light-Induced Structural Changes in Glasses (H Fritzsche)Chalcohalide Glasses (J Lucas)Applications of Non-Crystalline Materials:Applications of Glasses, Amorphous and Disordered Materials (S Ovshinsky)Amorphous Chalcogenide Photoconductors in Imaging Technologies (S O Kasap & J A Rowlands)Real Time Optical Recording on Thin Films of Amorphous Semiconductors (M Mitkova) Diamond Based Field Emission Displays (J E Jaskie) Readership: Physicists, materials scientists, ceramists, chemists, electrical engineers, and mathematicians working with numerical and computational methods who have an interest in glass science. Keywords:Glass Transition;Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy;Raman Scattering;Mossbauer Spectroscopy;Molecular Dynamic Simulations;Optical Recording;Brillouin Scattering;Intermediate Phases;Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry;Neutron Scattering

The aim of this NATO ASI has been to present an up-to-date overview of current areas of interest in amorphous materials. In order to limit the material to a manageable amount, the meeting was concerned exclusively with insulating and semiconducting materials. The lectures and seminars fill the gap between graduate courses and research seminars. The lecturers and seminar speakers were chosen as experts in their respective areas and the lectures and seminars that were given are presented in this volume. During the first week of the meeting. an emphasis was placed on introductory lectures, mainly associated with questions relating to the glass-formation and the structure of glasses. The second week focused more on research seminars. Each day of the meeting. about four posters were presented during the coffee breaks, and these formed an important focus for discussions. The posters are not reproduced in this volume as the editors wanted to have only larger contributions to make this volume more coherent. This volume is organized into four sections, starting with general considerations of the glass forming ability and techniques for the preparation of different kinds of glasses.

Chalcogenide glass is made up of many elements from the Chalcogenide group. The glass is transparent to infrared light and is useful as a semiconductor in many electronic devices. For example, chalcogenide glass fibers are a component of devices used to perform laser surgery. This book is a comprehensive survey of the current state of science and technology in the field of chalcogenide semiconductor glasses. While the majority of the book deals with properties of chalcogenide glass, chapters also deal with industrial applications, synthesis and purification of chalcogenide glass, and glass structural modification. The first individual or collective monograph written by Eastern European scientists known to Western readers regarding structural and chemical changes in chalcogenide vitreous semiconductors(CVS) Chapters written by B.G. Kolomiets who discovered the properties of chalcogenide glass in 1955 Provides evidence and discussion for problems discussed by authors from opposing positions.

Chalcogenide glass is made up of many elements from the Chalcogenide group. The glass is transparent to infrared light and is useful as a semiconductor in many electronic devices. For example, chalcogenide glass fibers are a component of devices used to perform laser surgery. Semiconducting Chalcogenide Glass III: Applications of Chalcogenide Glasses is a comprehensive overview of designs of various chalcogenide glass devices are presented, including switches, phase inverters, voltage stabilizers, oscillators, indicators and display control circuits, memory devices, and sensors. A special chapter is devoted to chalcogenide glass applications in optical fibers. This collective monograph is intended to survey the current state of chalcogenide glass applications to facilitate further development. The first collective monograph written by Eastern European scientists covering electrical and optical properties of chalcogenide vitreous semiconductors (CVS) Contributions by B.G. Kolomiets, who discovered the properties of chalcogenide glass in 1955! Provides evidence and discussion by authors from opposing positions

This is the continuation of the long running ¿Silicon-on-Insulator Technology and Devices¿ symposium. The issue of ECS Transactions covers recent significant advances in SOI technologies, SOI-based nanoelectronics and innovative applications including scientific interests. It will be of interest to materials and device scientists, as well as to process and applications oriented engineers and scientists.

A fully expanded new edition documenting the significant improvements that have been made to the tests and monitors of electrical insulation systems Electrical Insulation for Rotating Machines: Design, Evaluation, Aging, Testing, and Repair, Second Edition covers all aspects in the design, deterioration, testing, and repair of the electrical insulation used in motors and generators of all ratings greater than fractional horsepower size. It discusses both rotor and stator windings; gives a historical overview of machine insulation design; and describes the materials and manufacturing methods of the rotor and stator winding insulation systems in current use (while covering systems made over fifty years ago). It covers how to select the insulation systems for use in new machines, and explains over thirty different rotor and stator winding failure processes, including the methods to repair, or least slow down, each process. Finally, it reviews the theoretical basis, practical application, and interpretation of forty different tests and monitors that are used to assess winding insulation condition, thereby helping machine users avoid unnecessary machine failures and reduce maintenance costs. Electrical Insulation for Rotating Machines: Documents the large array of machine electrical failure mechanisms, repair methods, and test techniques that are currently available Educates owners of machines as well as repair shops on the different failure processes and shows them how to fix or otherwise ameliorate them Offers chapters on testing, monitoring, and maintenance strategies that assist in educating machine users and repair shops on the tests needed for specific situations and how to minimize motor and generator maintenance costs Captures the state of both the present and past “art” in rotating machine insulation system design and manufacture, which helps designers learn from the knowledge acquired by previous generations An ideal read for researchers, developers, and manufacturers of electrical insulating materials for machines, Electrical Insulation for Rotating Machines will also benefit designers of motors and generators who must select and apply electrical insulation in machines.