In the 1950s and 1960s, images of children appeared everywhere, from movies to milk cartons, their smiling faces used to sell everything, including war. In this provocative book, Margaret Peacock offers an original account of how Soviet and American leaders used emotionally charged images of children in an attempt to create popular support for their policies at home and abroad. Groups on either side of the Iron Curtain pushed visions of endangered, abandoned, and segregated children to indict the enemy's state and its policies. Though the Cold War is often characterized as an ideological divide between the capitalist West and the communist East, Peacock demonstrates a deep symmetry in how Soviet and American propagandists mobilized similar images to similar ends, despite their differences. Based on extensive research spanning fourteen archives and three countries, Peacock tells a new story of the Cold War, seeing the conflict not simply as a divide between East and West, but as a struggle between the producers of culture and their target audiences.

Innocent Weapons: The Soviet and American Politics of Childhood in the Cold War

Behind the Fog is the first in-depth, comprehensive examination of the United States’ Cold War radiological weapons program. The book examines controversial military-sponsored studies and field trials using radioactive "simulants" that exposed American civilians to radiation and other hazardous substances without their knowledge or consent during the Cold War. Although Western biological and chemical weapons programs have been analyzed by a number of scholars, Behind the Fog is a strong departure from the rest in that the United States radiological weapons program has been generally unknown to the public. Martino-Taylor documents the coordinated efforts of a small group of military scientists who advanced a four-pronged secret program of human-subject radiation studies that targeted unsuspecting Americans for Cold War military purposes. Officials enabled such projects to advance through the layering of secrecy, by embedding classified studies in other studies, and through outright deception. Agency and academic partnerships advanced, supported, and concealed the studies from the public at large who ultimately served as unwitting test subjects. Martino-Taylor’s comprehensive research illuminates a dark chapter of government secrecy, the military-industrial-academic complex, and large-scale organizational deviance in American history. In its critical approach, Behind the Fog effectively examines the mechanisms that allow large-scale elite deviance to take place in modern society.

In the early 1980s there had been an upsurge of public concern over the nuclear threat to Europe. Already saturated with nuclear weapons, Europe faced controversial new deployments and there was alarm over military strategies for nuclear war in the region. It is in this context that the idea of nuclear weapon-free zones had captured the popular imagination and became a political issue in Europe. Not only would such zones build confidence and raise the nuclear threshold, but they would be first steps towards a more comprehensive elimination of nuclear weapons. Originally published in 1983 Nuclear Disengagement in Europe probes the question of nuclear weapon-free zones in the region. Pugwash and SIPRI arranged a meeting at which an international team of lawyers, scientists, politicians and military experts gave background information and provided an appraisal of problems regarding the zone initiatives as well as benefits that would accrue. Possible elements in a European zone arrangement were elaborated on and procedures towards the establishment of such a zone were suggested.

Our government has always maintained a certain level of secrecy when it comes to the internal workings of its organization. In the past our government has closed their eyes to certain actions by the CIA, FBI, and others. We as a people, along with the government, justified these actions with the thought of necessity in order to protect the freedom of this country. These actions we believed to be for the greater good of all people. However, when the government steps over the line and commits unlawful acts only for the greater good of a few people, the necessity can no longer be looked at as justified. This book is intended to have the reader attempt to answer the unanswered questions. It is written as though it were a trial. In a normal trial the prosecution would present its case first, and then the defense would present its case. By law the defendant is innocent until proven guilty. This is a case of "You, the people of the United States vs. the Bush Administration." There are many defendants in this case, most notable being president George W. Bush. For the past four years, the Bush administration has put its case to the people of this country for its actions within our borders and around the world. The Bush administration has placed many items into evidence, called many witnesses, and has asked you, the people of the United States, to trust them without question. The Bush administration, or the defense, rested its case with the reelection of President Bush. Now, it is time for the prosecution to present its case. I am not going to ask you to do any more than look at the case from both sides. If you need to refer back to the defense's case, or testimony, you will be able to review many speeches and addresses by President Bush and members of his administration, which will be placed into evidence. What I am asking you to do is use your common sense. At the end of this case, many questions will be asked. Answer those questions, and then you decide the guilt or innocence of the defendants. You are the jury. It is up to you to decide the fate of this country and those beyond our borders. No man is above the law, even if that man is the President of the United States.

This book is about religion, pacifism, and the nonviolence that informs pacifism in its most coherent form. Pacifism is one religious approach to war and violence. Another is embodied in just war theories, and both pacifism and just war thinking are critically examined. Although moral support for pacifism is presented, a main focus of the book is on religious support for pacifism, found in various religious traditions. A crucial distinction for pacifism is that between force and violence. Pacifism informed by nonviolence excludes violence, but, the book argues, allows forms of force. Peacekeeping is an activity that on the face of it seems compatible with pacifism, and several different forms of peacekeeping are examined. The implications of nonviolence for the treatment of nonhuman animals are also examined. Two models for attaining the conditions required for a world without war have been proposed. Both are treated and one, the model of a biological human family, is developed. The book concludes with reflections on the role of pacifism in each of five possible futurescapes.

"Creative Morality is a philosophical study of moral dilemmas which is designed to heighten our awareness of the ethical systems on which most of us base our moral decisions. Don MacNiven provides a theoretical basis for critical discussion of these systems and contributes to the development of a comprehensive ethical theory which is suitable for contemporary moral problems."--Publisher's website.