The many similarities between gravitational and electromagnetic fields suggest that they may be characterized by a single (super) source function. A complex vector source is found to yield the correct interaction strengths (the scalar products of these vectors) for the classical inverse-square law forces between electrically charged masses. The real vector component has the magnitude of the coulomb charge of the body. The magnitude of the imaginary vector component is given by the mass of the body renormalized in units of charge. Complex vector charges (CVC), for the classical electron, proton, and neutron are developed. Appropriate sums of these vectors represent the atoms. Substitution of CVC for coulomb (scalar) charge in Maxwell's equations generates two separable sets of equations: the real component set, characterizing electromagnetic fields; and the imaginary component set, characterizing gravitational fields. The imaginary electric field represents the Newtonian gravitational field, whereas the imaginary magnetic field results in motional gravitational forces similar to those found in general relativity theory. Such forces would result in the gradual alignment of planetary orbits and spins. Acceleration of CVC generates (classical) complex radiation fields, that is, positive-energy photons and negative-energy gravitons. Thus conservation of energy requires that all charge-neutral, finite inertial rest mass particles possess non-vanishing electromagnetic moments. Extension to a nonclassical theory that can include both atomic and nuclear binding energies is suggested. (Author).

APlusPhysics: Your Guide to Regents Physics Essentials is a clear and concise roadmap to the entire New York State Regents Physics curriculum, preparing students for success in their high school physics class as well as review for high marks on the Regents Physics Exam. Topics covered include pre-requisite math and trigonometry; kinematics; forces; Newton's Laws of Motion, circular motion and gravity; impulse and momentum; work, energy, and power; electrostatics; electric circuits; magnetism; waves; optics; and modern physics. Featuring more than five hundred questions from past Regents exams with worked out solutions and detailed illustrations, this book is integrated with the APlusPhysics.com website, which includes online question and answer forums, videos, animations, and supplemental problems to help you master Regents Physics essentials. "The best physics books are the ones kids will actually read." Advance Praise for APlusPhysics Regents Physics Essentials: "Very well written... simple, clear engaging and accessible. You hit a grand slam with this review book." -- Anthony, NY Regents Physics Teacher. "Does a great job giving students what they need to know. The value provided is amazing." -- Tom, NY Regents Physics Teacher. "This was tremendous preparation for my physics test. I love the detailed problem solutions." -- Jenny, NY Regents Physics Student. "Regents Physics Essentials has all the information you could ever need and is much easier to understand than many other textbooks... it is an excellent review tool and is truly written for students." -- Cat, NY Regents Physics Student

Why do objects fall toward the ground? What makes electric lights go on when we flip a switch? How do magnets work? The answers to these questions and many more become clear when you understand how electromagnetic force and gravitational force operate. This book looks at these forces and presents key concepts in an accessible way. Important theories and applications are presented in simple, age-appropriate language. Full-color photographs and primary sources provide readers with additional information.

University Physics is designed for the two- or three-semester calculus-based physics course. The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most university physics courses and provides a foundation for a career in mathematics, science, or engineering. The book provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of physics and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and to the world around them. Due to the comprehensive nature of the material, we are offering the book in three volumes for flexibility and efficiency. Coverage and Scope Our University Physics textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most two- and three-semester physics courses nationwide. We have worked to make physics interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts, building upon what students have already learned and emphasizing connections between topics and between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses and future careers. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from science educators dedicated to the project. VOLUME II Unit 1: Thermodynamics Chapter 1: Temperature and Heat Chapter 2: The Kinetic Theory of Gases Chapter 3: The First Law of Thermodynamics Chapter 4: The Second Law of Thermodynamics Unit 2: Electricity and Magnetism Chapter 5: Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 6: Gauss's Law Chapter 7: Electric Potential Chapter 8: Capacitance Chapter 9: Current and Resistance Chapter 10: Direct-Current Circuits Chapter 11: Magnetic Forces and Fields Chapter 12: Sources of Magnetic Fields Chapter 13: Electromagnetic Induction Chapter 14: Inductance Chapter 15: Alternating-Current Circuits Chapter 16: Electromagnetic Waves

In this final paper on quantum gravity, we amend our previous conclusion (see "Observations on the Quantum Mechanical Nature of Gravity") that the motion of mass alone gives rise to the magnetic force. Instead, we conclude that magnetic fields are generated by the motion of both the electric and gravitational charges. In addition, we determine that the photon and the graviton are the same particle; i.e. there is one (massless) gauge boson that couples to the 'total' charge of a particle; be it mass, or mass plus electric charge

Writing for the general reader or student, Wald has completely revised and updated this highly regarded work to include recent developments in black hole physics and cosmology. Nature called the first edition "a very readable and accurate account of modern relativity physics for the layman within the unavoidable constraint of almost no mathematics. . . . A well written, entertaining and authoritative book."

Static Fields and Potentials describes two of the fundamental interactions in nature: gravity and electromagnetism. The book introduces the associated fields, potentials, and energies and explains the relationship among them. It shows how these interactions manifest themselves in different ways, from the formation of stars to the operation of thunderstorms. The book also demonstrates how they are harnessed technologically in applications, such as hydroelectricity, electrical circuitry, and DNA finger-printing.