This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date description of the Josephson effect, a topic of never-ending interest in both fundamental and applied physics. In this volume, world-renowned experts present the unique aspects of the physics of the Josephson effect, resulting from the use of new materials, of hybrid architectures and from the possibility of realizing nanoscale junctions. These new experimental capabilities lead to systems where novel coherent phenomena and transport processes emerge. All this is of great relevance and impact, especially when combined with the didactic approach of the book. The reader will benefit from a general and modern view of coherent phenomena in weakly-coupled superconductors on a macroscopic scale. Topics that have been only recently discussed in specialized papers and in short reviews are described here for the first time and organized in a general framework. An important section of the book is also devoted to applications, with focus on long-term, future applications. In addition to a significant number of illustrations, the book includes numerous tables for comparative studies on technical aspects.

This is the last of three volumes of the extensively revised and updated second edition of the Handbook of Superconductivity. The past twenty years have seen rapid progress in superconducting materials, which exhibit one of the most remarkable physical states of matter ever to be discovered. Superconductivity brings quantum mechanics to the scale of the everyday world. Viable applications of superconductors rely fundamentally on an understanding of these intriguing phenomena and the availability of a range of materials with bespoke properties to meet practical needs. While the first volume covers fundamentals and various classes of materials, the second addresses processing of these into various shapes and configurations needed for applications, and ends with chapters on refrigeration methods necessary to attain the superconducting state and the desired performance. This third volume starts with a wide range of methods permitting one to characterize both the materials and various end products of processing. Subsequently, diverse classes of both large scale and electronic applications are described. Volume 3 ends with a glossary relevant to all three volumes. Key Features: Covers the depth and breadth of the field Includes contributions from leading academics and industry professionals across the world Provides hands-on familiarity with the characterization methods and offers descriptions of representative examples of practical applications A comprehensive reference, the handbook is suitable for both graduate students and practitioners in experimental physics, materials science, and multiple engineering disciplines, including electronic and electrical, chemical, mechanical, metallurgy and others.

In the last decades, superconducting devices have emerged as a promising platform for quantum technologies, including quantum sensing and quantum computing. Their key elements are Josephson junctions, which allow for coherent supercurrent tunneling between two weakly linked superconductors. If such a junction is extended in one direction to a long junction, the superconducting phase difference can vary in space and time and may allow for quantized phase windings that drive supercurrent vortices.

Gathering the proceedings of the 13th CHAOS2020 International Conference, this book highlights recent developments in nonlinear, dynamical and complex systems. The conference was intended to provide an essential forum for Scientists and Engineers to exchange ideas, methods, and techniques in the field of Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, Fractals and their applications in General Science and the Engineering Sciences. The respective chapters address key methods, empirical data and computer techniques, as well as major theoretical advances in the applied nonlinear field. Beyond showcasing the state of the art, the book will help academic and industrial researchers alike apply chaotic theory in their studies.

The book, “Intelligent Computing - Proceedings of the 2022 Computing Conference”, is a comprehensive collection of chapters focusing on the core areas of computing and their further applications in the real world. Each chapter is a paper presented at the Computing Conference 2022 held on July 14-15, 2022. Computing 2022 attracted a total of 498 submissions which underwent a double-blind peer-review process. Of those 498 submissions, 179 submissions have been selected to be included in this book. The goal of this conference is to give a platform to researchers with fundamental contributions and to be a premier venue for academic and industry practitioners to share new ideas and development experiences. We hope that readers find this book interesting and valuable as it provides the state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems. We also expect that the conference and its publications will be a trigger for further related research and technology improvements in this important subject.

This open access book presents selected papers from International Symposium on Mathematics, Quantum Theory, and Cryptography (MQC), which was held on September 25-27, 2019 in Fukuoka, Japan. The international symposium MQC addresses the mathematics and quantum theory underlying secure modeling of the post quantum cryptography including e.g. mathematical study of the light-matter interaction models as well as quantum computing. The security of the most widely used RSA cryptosystem is based on the difficulty of factoring large integers. However, in 1994 Shor proposed a quantum polynomial time algorithm for factoring integers, and the RSA cryptosystem is no longer secure in the quantum computing model. This vulnerability has prompted research into post-quantum cryptography using alternative mathematical problems that are secure in the era of quantum computers. In this regard, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) began to standardize post-quantum cryptography in 2016. This book is suitable for postgraduate students in mathematics and computer science, as well as for experts in industry working on post-quantum cryptography.

Techniques are described for fabricating permanent Josephson junctions between thin films of niobium and lead, and for absolute noise thermometry at very low temperatures using the Josephson effect.The possible benefits of applying superconductivity to nuclear magnetic resonance detect * ion are discussed and other applications of the Josephson effect are reviewed.