This book presents a reinterpretation of Freud to show how language can be expressive and repressive.

Possibly no other psychoanalytic concept has caused as much ongoing controversy, and attracted so much criticism, as that of 'repression'. Repression involves denying knowledge to oneself about the content of one's own mind and is most commonly implicated in disputes concerning the possibility of repressed memories of trauma (and their subsequent recovery). While fundamental in Freudian psychoanalysis, recent developments in psychoanalytic thinking (e.g., 'mentalization') have downplayed the importance of repression, in part due to less emphasis being placed on the importance of memory within therapy.

(Dover thrift editions).

By examining the private correspondence of a circle of German psychoanalyst emigrés that included Otto Fenichel, Annie Reich, and Edith Jacobson, Russell Jacoby recaptures the radical zeal of classical analysis and the efforts of the Fenichel group to preserve psychoanalysis as a social and political theory, open to a broad range of intellectuals regardless of their medical background. In tracing this effort, he illuminates the repression by psychoanalysis of its own radical past and its transformation into a narrow medical technique. This book is of critical interest to the general reader as well as to psychoanalytic historians, theorists, and therapists.

Figures of the Unconscious, No. 8Sigmund Freud, in his search for the origins of the sense of guilt in individual life and culture, regularly speaks of "reading a dark trace," thus referring to the Oedipus myth as a myth about the problem of human guilt. In Freud's view, this sense of guilt is a trace, a path, that leads deep into the individual's mental state, into childhood memories, and into the prehistory of culture and religion. Herman Westerink follows this trace and analyzes Freud's thought on the sense of guilt as a central issue in his work, from the earliest studies on the moral and "guilty" characters of the hysterics, via later complex differentiations within the concept of the sense of guilt, and finally to Freud's conception of civilization's discontents and Jewish sense of guilt. The sense of guilt is a key issue in Freudian psychoanalysis, not only in relation to other key concepts in psychoanalytic theory but also in relation to Freud's debates with other psychoanalysts, including Carl Jung and Melanie Klein.

This volume contains two essays by Frederick Crews attacking Freudian psychoanalysis and its aftermath in the so-called recovered memory movement. The first essay reviews a growing body of evidence indicating that Freud doctored his data and manipulated his colleagues in an effort to consolidate a cult-life following that would neither defy nor upstage him. The second essay challenges the scientific and therapeutic claims of the rapidly growing recovered-memory movement, maintaining that its social effects have been devestating.

Originally published in 1972, this second edition in 1981 was fully revised and updated to cover recent developments in the field at the time. Fact and Fantasy in Freudian Theory was written to answer many questions and criticisms surrounding psychoanalysis. How much, if any, of Freudian theory is verifiable according to the usual criteria of scientific enquiry? Much work had been carried out at the time to discover which parts of Freudian theory are verifiable and which insupportable by experiment. In this book Dr Kline surveys this vast body of work. He takes, one by one, the central postulates of Freudian psychology and discusses the experiments which have been performed to test them. He scrutinizes each test, examines its methodology and its findings and weighs up its value. For some of the theories, it will be seen, there is no evidence whatsoever; for others, on the other hand, there is impressive and sometimes incontrovertible experimental support – for example, for the theory of repression. This work will continue to be an invaluable, highly detailed reference work for those involved with Freud’s work, and a book of great interest to those concerned with the method of psychological enquiry in general.