This book explores the student discontent a year after the start of the 2015 South African #FeesMustFall revolt #FeesMustFall, the student revolt that began in October 2015, was an uprising against lack of access to, and financial exclusion from, higher education in South Africa. More broadly, it radically questioned the socio-political dispensation resulting from the 1994 social pact between big business, the ruling elite and the liberation movement. The 2015 revolt links to national and international youth struggles of the recent past and is informed by black consciousness politics and social movements of the international left. Yet, its objectives are more complex than those of earlier struggles. The student movement has challenged the hierarchical, top-down leadership system of university management and it’s ‘double speak’ of professing to act in workers’ and students’ interests yet entrenching a regressive system for control and governance. University managements, while on one level amenable to change, have also co-opted students into their ranks to create co-responsibility for the highly bureaucratised university financial aid that stands in the way of their social revolution. This book maps the contours of student discontent a year after the start of the #FeesMustFall revolt. Student voices dissect colonialism, improper compromises by the founders of democratic South Africa, feminism, worker rights and meaningful education. In-depth assessments by prominent scholars reflect on the complexities of student activism, its impact on national and university governance, and offer provocative analyses of the power of the revolt.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction and rationale -- 1 The view of South African youth before #FeesMustFall -- 2 Were the 2015 student protests a revolution? -- 3 What the 2015 protests actually were and how they were possible -- 4 Ikhohlisan'ihlomile: FMF students' engagement with power and their ideological differences -- 5 Can South Africa's declining economy inspire student-led new revolution? -- 6 Youth's declining news consumption levels and ideologically divided media -- 7 Youth's polysemic interpretation of the ANC regime and the limits of the new revolution -- 8 Youths' declining participation levels in the public sphere: the constraints of new revolution -- 9 Conclusion: FMF protests will not lead to a revolution per se (at least not yet), but to wide ranging reforms -- References -- Index

Adam Habib, the most prominent and outspoken university official through the recent student protests, takes a characteristically frank view of the past three years on South Africa's campuses in this new book. Habib charts the progress of the student protests that erupted on Wits University campus in late 2015 and raged for the better part of three years, drawing on his own intimate involvement and negotiation with the students, and also records university management and government responses to the events. He critically examines the student movement and individual student leaders who emerged under the banners #feesmustfall and #Rhodesmustfall, and debates how to achieve truly progressive social change in South Africa, on our campuses and off. This book is both an attempt at a historical account and a thoughtful reflection on the issues the protests kicked up, from the perspective not only of a high-ranking member of university management, but also Habib as political scientist with a background as an activist during the struggle against apartheid. Habib moves between reflecting on the events of the last three years on university campuses, and reimagining the future of South African higher education. Adam Habib, the most prominent and outspoken university official through the recent student protests, takes a characteristically frank view of the past three years on South Africa's campuses in this new book. Habib charts the progress of the student protests that erupted on Wits University campus in late 2015 and raged for the better part of three years, drawing on his own intimate involvement and negotiation with the students, and also records university management and government responses to the events. He critically examines the student movement and individual student leaders who emerged under the banners #feesmustfall and #Rhodesmustfall, and debates how to achieve truly progressive social change in South Africa, on our campuses and off. This book is both an attempt at a historical account and a thoughtful reflection on the issues the protests kicked up, from the perspective not only of a high-ranking member of university management, but also Habib as political scientist with a background as an activist during the struggle against apartheid. Habib moves between reflecting on the events of the last three years on university campuses, and reimagining the future of South African higher education.

Revolutionary greetings, before we go deeper into our play, let us read this revolutionary letter; I wrote this letter especially to the readers, drawing my thoughts specifically from what I Learnt from the FEES MUST FALL MOVEMENT: TO THE READERS OF MY PLAY.I am not a leader, neither do I have any position in any organization. I am a man called by history to change it. I must reiterate, I am a Revolutionary, the highest form of humanity. This is the only pride I have as a poor man and I will shout that loud, to let all persons know. You will wonder why am I writing this letter. I am writing this letter to represent justice in an environment of injustice. So early I learnt in my life to rebel against every wrong and I have suffered the worst persecutions that trained me to be upright and fearless.1. EDUCATIONI must admit, I believe in FREE EDUCATION or education itself. Education is a mental weapon for human kind to survive in this world of responsibilities. An educated mind takes care of the needy body. Moreover, education is a human right not a privilege. One must attest that a human right is something that all people are born with. A privilege is given to a person by another. Since education is a human right, one who is conscious cannot deny that it is immoral and unjustified to sell education to the oppressed people who happen to be economically-deprived not by choice but by evils of history committed against them. Black people in Africa are under-resourced and under-privileged; their land was wrongfully confiscated from them. Land is the base of all economic production and it is in the hands of minorities who produce income out of it and pay for their fees. I know that the financial assistance was set to aid my people, I must clarify, financial assistance is for the minority whilst we the poor are the majority. For these Ideals and proven facts, I joined the Fees Must Fall Movement with a conscious mind and I will never regret my conscious decision.2. THE STRUGGLE OF WORKERSOn the struggle of workers, I must say that it is close to my heart. These are the mothers and fathers of a society who have suffered the worst in my eyes. They have been the victims of the racist inflammatory slurs, stereotypes and derogatory names such as 'boys', 'girls' and 'kaffirs.' One grandmother who protested after being called a 'kaffir' confessed that she was coerced to clean a certain department alone for punishment of being upright. Workers, all of them being black in UJ, wake up early in the morning, queue long queues and be cramped in a taxi arriving already tired just to make the University of Johannesburg clean. Only an imbecile cannot give credit to a person who cleans. A clean environment allows humans to carry their day-to-day duties. Without consideration of this vital role being played by workers, the money that is given to them does not equate the value they contribute. Therefore, none can dare challenge me when I say that this is exploitation. So long there is an exploitation of one person by another, it is a moral duty of the slave of the workers to commit himself to redress such evilness. I am afraid, I happen to be a slave who chant a 'fair day's salary for a fair day's work.'This book entails what FEES MUST FALL was all about, the sacrifices that were made by the leaders and how the government and universities responded.

We Are No Longer at Ease is a collection of personal articles, essays, speeches and poetry mainly from voices of young people who were part of the student-led protest movement known as #FeesMustFall which began in 2015. It tells the journey of a youth that participated in a movement that redefined politics in post-apartheid South Africa and is the evidence of a 201Cborn free201D generation telling their own story and leading discourse as well as action on transforming South Africa with a foreword by Malaika wa Azania. The collection includes works by the young student leaders turned academic and public commentators such as David Maimela, Thapelo Tselapedi and Sisonke Msimang; student newspaper journalists that were covering the protests like Natasha Ndlebe; public writing commentators with aims to inform and teach the broader South African society about the aspects of the movement like Yamkela Spengane and Rofhiwa Maneta; lecturers who were assisting the students articulate and find clarity in the way they shaped and voiced their ideas such as Sabelo Ndlovu-Gatsheni and then of course others were foot soldiers on the ground leading students through the police brutality of rubber bullets and pepper spray like Mcebo Dlamini, Loverlyn Nwandeyi, Ntokozo Qwabe and Ramabina Mahapa

Banksy, the Yes Men, Gandhi, Starhawk: the accumulated wisdom of decades of creative protest is now in the hands of the next generation of change-makers, thanks to Beautiful Trouble. Sophisticated enough for veteran activists, accessible enough for newbies, this compact pocket edition of the bestselling Beautiful Trouble is a book that’s both handy and inexpensive. Showcasing the synergies between artistic imagination and shrewd political strategy, this generously illustrated volume can easily be slipped into your pocket as you head out to the streets. This is for everyone who longs for a more beautiful, more just, more livable world – and wants to know how to get there. Includes a new introduction by the editors. Contributors include: Celia Alario • Andy Bichlbaum • Nadine Bloch • L. M. Bogad • Mike Bonnano • Andrew Boyd • Kevin Buckland • Doyle Canning • Samantha Corbin • Stephen Duncombe • Simon Enoch • Janice Fine • Lisa Fithian • Arun Gupta • Sarah Jaffe • John Jordan • Stephen Lerner • Zack Malitz • Nancy L. Mancias • Dave Oswald Mitchell • Tracey Mitchell • Mark Read • Patrick Reinsborough • Joshua Kahn Russell • Nathan Schneider • John Sellers • Matthew Skomarovsky • Jonathan Matthew Smucker • Starhawk • Eric Stoner • Harsha Walia

Epistemic Freedom in Africa is about the struggle for African people to think, theorize, interpret the world and write from where they are located, unencumbered by Eurocentrism. The imperial denial of common humanity to some human beings meant that in turn their knowledges and experiences lost their value, their epistemic virtue. Now, in the twenty-first century, descendants of enslaved, displaced, colonized, and racialized peoples have entered academies across the world, proclaiming loudly that they are human beings, their lives matter and they were born into valid and legitimate knowledge systems that are capable of helping humanity to transcend the current epistemic and systemic crises. Together, they are engaging in diverse struggles for cognitive justice, fighting against the epistemic line which haunts the twenty-first century. The renowned historian and decolonial theorist Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni offers a penetrating and well-argued case for centering Africa as a legitimate historical unit of analysis and epistemic site from which to interpret the world, whilst simultaneously making an equally strong argument for globalizing knowledge from Africa so as to attain ecologies of knowledges. This is a dual process of both deprovincializing Africa, and in turn provincializing Europe. The book highlights how the mental universe of Africa was invaded and colonized, the long-standing struggles for 'an African university', and the trajectories of contemporary decolonial movements such as Rhodes Must Fall and Fees Must Fall in South Africa. This landmark work underscores the fact that only once the problem of epistemic freedom has been addressed can Africa achieve political, cultural, economic and other freedoms. This groundbreaking new book is accessible to students and scholars across Education, History, Philosophy, Ethics, African Studies, Development Studies, Politics, International Relations, Sociology, Postcolonial Studies and the emerging field of Decolonial Studies. The Open Access versions Chapter 1 and Chapter 9, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429492204 have been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.