Effects of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty on United States National Security Interests
Title | Effects of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty on United States National Security Interests PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Intelligence and Military Application of Nuclear Energy Subcommittee. Panel on the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty |
Publisher | |
Total Pages | 208 |
Release | 1978 |
Genre | National security |
ISBN |
Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Title | Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty PDF eBook |
Author | National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher | National Academies Press |
Total Pages | 102 |
Release | 2002-08-01 |
Genre | Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | 030918293X |
Drawing upon the considerable existing body of technical material related to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, the National Academy of Sciences reviewed and assessed the key technical issues that arose during the Senate debate over treaty ratification. In particular, these include: (1) the capacity of the United States to maintain confidence in the safety and reliability of its nuclear stockpile in the absence of nuclear testing; (2) the nuclear-test detection capabilities of the international monitoring system (with and without augmentation by national systems and instrumentation in use for scientific purposes, and taking into account the possibilities for decoupling nuclear explosions from surrounding geologic media); and (3) the additions to their nuclear-weapons capabilities that other countries could achieve through nuclear testing at yield levels that might escape detection, and the effect of such additions on the security of the United States.
Effects of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty on United States National Security Interests
Title | Effects of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty on United States National Security Interests PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services. Intelligence and Military Application of Nuclear Energy Subcommittee. Panel on the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty |
Publisher | |
Total Pages | 704 |
Release | 1978 |
Genre | National security |
ISBN |
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
Title | Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development |
Publisher | |
Total Pages | 80 |
Release | 1998 |
Genre | Law |
ISBN |
The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Negotiations
Title | The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Negotiations PDF eBook |
Author | Maurice A. Mallin |
Publisher | Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | 34 |
Release | 2017 |
Genre | Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty |
ISBN | 9781974562947 |
On July 16, 1945, the United States conducted the world's first nuclear explosive test in Alamagordo, New Mexico. The test went off as planned; a nuclear chain reaction, in the form of an explosion, could be created. Less than a month later, nuclear weapons were used to support Allied efforts to end World War II. Just 4 years later, on August 29, 1949, the Soviet Union conducted its first nuclear test. The United States intensified efforts to develop the hydrogen bomb, which it tested in 1952. The development of new nuclear weapon designs, as well as the imperative to test these designs, were now inextricably linked. Nuclear tests were considered essential to maintaining confidence in the effectiveness and usability of these weapons. Since the Alamogordo test, upwards of 2,000 nuclear tests have taken place globally. Of these, 528 were conducted in the atmosphere, with significant environmental consequences. Between 1945 and 1950, seven atmospheric nuclear tests took place. As the Cold War escalated, weapons testing accelerated: 63 such tests occurred between 1951 and 1954. Three of these were conducted by the United Kingdom, who joined the nuclear "club" with a test in 1952 (France tested in 1960, followed by China in 1964). In 1954, after an unexpectedly powerful and environmentally damaging test called Castle Bravo took place over Bikini Atoll in the Asia Pacific, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru called for a "standstill" in nuclear explosive testing: "Pending progress towards some solution, full or partial, in respect of the prohibition of these weapons of mass destruction, the Government would consider, some sort of what may be called a "standstill agreement" in respect, at least, of these actual explosions." In 1958 the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom undertook negotiations over a cessation of nuclear testing, but a number of issues, mostly related to verifying compliance, proved intractable. Some success was attained after the Cuban Missile Crisis, as the three parties agreed in 1963 to the Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), which banned all nuclear testing in the atmosphere, in space, or underwater. Nuclear tests would henceforth be permitted only underground. Subsequent efforts to negotiate a complete cessation proved unsuccessful until 1994, when negotiations on a multilateral comprehensive nuclear test ban began in earnest. These negotiations were completed in 1996. Shortly thereafter, a treaty text was overwhelmingly supported at the United Nations. However, over 20 years later, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) has not yet entered into force. As such, this case study will consider the following: -- the developments that led to the start of negotiations; - the perspectives of the key actors and their impacts upon the negotiations; - summary of the negotiations, focusing on key issues and the efforts to reach resolution on them; - the endgame of the negotiationsa few key lessons learned, which may have utility for future multilateral negotiations, touching on issues associated with leadership, factors that impact decisionmaking, and how a negotiation must balance national interests and negotiating objectives.
Report of the Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China
Title | Report of the Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China PDF eBook |
Author | United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China |
Publisher | |
Total Pages | 8 |
Release | 1999 |
Genre | China |
ISBN |
Transmittal letter.
A National Security Strategy for a Global Age
Title | A National Security Strategy for a Global Age PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Total Pages | 80 |
Release | 2000 |
Genre | Political Science |
ISBN |