With contributions by more than thirty of the world's leading scholars of democracy, this volume presents the most comprehensive assessment available of the state of democracy in the world at the beginning of the new millennium.

This book deals with the consequences of converging and diverging processes and their development in language contact situations. It provides insights into the various forms of language contact and the conditions under which bilingual speakers master their every-day life in bilingual communities. Its nine contributions cover both theoretical and typological aspects, such as the classification of languages, the role of language contact, linguistic complexity and spontaneous speech innovations, and convergence and divergence processes in translation, (morpho)syntax and phonology/phonetics. Taken together, these studies provide challenges for linguistic theories that generalize from situations of monolingualism suggesting instead that a sound linguistic theory cannot be a theory for just one single, isolated language but must be a theory for at least two languages. It must also account for the fact that some structures involved in contact situations are not kept apart but develop in such a way that the distance decreases between the languages involved.

A guide to the latest, most promising technical indicators andtheir applications Momentum, direction, and divergence are the three basic componentsof nearly all technical indicators used in the analysis of stockand commodities trading. And for those who understand them andtheir applications, they are also the pillars of a high-performancetrading strategy. In this groundbreaking book, technical wizardWilliam Blau schools financial professionals in all three.Combining the latest financial information with dozens ofeye-opening graphics, Blau clearly, concisely, and with a minimumof complex mathematics: * Introduces the principle of double smoothing and develops potentnew indicators based on double smoothing techniques * Describes the uses and limitations of a variety of notabletechnical indicators * Explains momentum, direction, and divergence and new ways toapply them * Presents the True Strength Index and shows how it candramatically improve most directional indicators * Provides new ways of identifying divergence that makeimplementation far simpler than ever before MOMENTUM, DIRECTION, AND DIVERGENCE The Wiley Trader's Advantage is a series of concise, highly focusedbooks designed to keep savvy traders in tune with the latestsuccessful strategies and techniques used by the keenest minds inthe business. In this latest volume, technical expert Bill Blau shows you howmomentum, direction, and divergence form the basis of mosttechnical indicators and how they can work for you to provide aconsiderable competitive advantage. Clearly, concisely, and with aminimum of complex mathematics, Blau shows you how to understandand apply them. Integrating the latest financial insights with morethan 75 easy-to-follow graphics, Blau describes the uses andlimitations of many of today's most notable technical indicators.He then demonstrates a variety of ways in which the principles ofmomentum, direction, and divergence can be used to create aversatile new set of technical indicators or to improve theeffectiveness of the most widely used traditional indicators. Focusing on the groundbreaking double smoothing concept, which heintroduces for the first time in this book, William Blau: * Develops reliable new momentum indicators based on doublesmoothing techniques * Shows how these indicators improve the effectiveness of mostpopular oscillators, including the RSI, MACD, and stochasticindicators, by solving a host of timing problems * Combines the standard Welles Wilder techniques with his originalTrue Strength Index to improve the effectiveness of mostdirectional movement indicators * Introduces new ways of identifying divergence that makeimplementation simpler than ever * And much more A complete guide to the most potent new indicators and theirapplications, Momentum, Direction, and Divergence is anindispensable resource for traders, portfolio managers, and allfinancial professionals.

This book presents new and original research in Statistical Information Theory, based on minimum divergence estimators and test statistics, from a theoretical and applied point of view, for different statistical problems with special emphasis on efficiency and robustness. Divergence statistics, based on maximum likelihood estimators, as well as Wald’s statistics, likelihood ratio statistics and Rao’s score statistics, share several optimum asymptotic properties, but are highly non-robust in cases of model misspecification under the presence of outlying observations. It is well-known that a small deviation from the underlying assumptions on the model can have drastic effect on the performance of these classical tests. Specifically, this book presents a robust version of the classical Wald statistical test, for testing simple and composite null hypotheses for general parametric models, based on minimum divergence estimators.

All of Jim Brown’s Forex books are consistently ranked ‘Best Sellers’ on a variety of platforms. Here is why… At no extra cost, or on-costs, Jim shares with his readers: · His custom indicators for the MT4/MT5 MetaTrader platforms, and more recently TradingView, as a download package at the end of the book. · An invitation to join his Facebook and Telegram Groups which have around 6,000 new as well as experienced Forex Traders contributing, including daily interaction with Jim. · Jim calls his trades live, shares his results and records weekly trade analysis videos on his YouTube channel. · Contact with Jim should you require any clarification on this trading method. Jim, from Queensland Australia, is a full-time Forex Trader and currently resides in Vietnam. While Divergence may sound a little technical and intimidating, be assured that it is easy to understand when you know what you are looking for. Some even consider Divergence to be a leading indicator. Basically it is the difference between what the actual price on the chart is doing and what an Oscillator type indicator is doing. This book will use the same principles in Jim’s very popular book, MT4/5 & TradingView High Probability Forex Trading Method, but it is a stand-alone book and concentrates more on trading with Divergence. This method can also be used with any other financial instrument that your MT4, MT5 or TradingView platform offers. You will also receive access to a downloadable folder which includes: · Jim’s personal custom indicators in MT4, MT5 & TradingView format · 50+ images to explain Forex trading using divergence · The P4L PeriodCon 509 custom indicator for MT4 · YouTube videos providing instructions how to upload the indicators and templates onto your MT4, MT5 or TradingView platform · A thorough outline of Trading Forex with Divergence Jim's other books · MT4/MT5 & TradingView High Probability Forex Trading Method · Forex Trading: The Basics Explained in Simple Terms Jim has been featured on · Desire to Trade Podcast with Etienne Crete · Trading Nuts Podcast with Cam Hawkins

Rich information-theoretic structure in out-of-equilibrium thermodynamics exists in both the classical and quantum regimes, leading to the fruitful interplay among statistical physics, quantum information theory, and mathematical theories such as matrix analysis and asymptotic probability theory. The main purpose of this book is to clarify how information theory works behind thermodynamics and to shed modern light on it. The book focuses on both purely information-theoretic concepts and their physical implications. From the mathematical point of view, rigorous proofs of fundamental properties of entropies, divergences, and majorization are presented in a self-contained manner. From the physics perspective, modern formulations of thermodynamics are discussed, with a focus on stochastic thermodynamics and resource theory of thermodynamics. In particular, resource theory is a recently developed field as a branch of quantum information theory to quantify “useful resources” and has an intrinsic connection to various fundamental ideas of mathematics and information theory. This book serves as a concise introduction to important ingredients of the information-theoretic formulation of thermodynamics.

The phenomenon known as aeroelastic divergence is the focus of this work. The analyses and experiment presented here show that divergence can occur without a structural dynamic mode losing its oscillatory nature. Aeroelastic divergence occurs when the structural restorative capability or stiffness of a structure is overwhelmed by the static aerodynamic moment. This static aeroelastic coupling does not require the structural dynamic system behavior to cease, however. Aeroelastic changes in the dynamic mode behavior are governed not only by the stiffness, but by damping and inertial properties. The work presented here supports these fundamental assertions by examining a simple system: a typical section airfoil with only a rotational structural degree of freedom.