This volume of Diffusion Foundations entitled Diffusion Phenomena in Engineering Materials captures an important cross section of the contemporary scene of diffusion in solids, ranging from the fundamental science of diffusion through to the application of diffusion concepts in technology. The chapters are written by well-acknowledged experts in their respective areas. In the first chapter, Professor Dayananda provides an in depth overview of some of the important findings from the vast literature on multicomponent diffusion in alloys. In Chapter 2, Professors Belova and Murch and co-workers describe a new solution to the important problem of accurately estimating a tracer diffusivity in a binary alloy, given the other tracer diffusivity, the interdiffusivity and thermodynamic factor. This is followed by Chapter 3 where Professor Lidiard gives a penetrating perspective on the state of knowledge about the Soret effect and thermodiffusion (thermotransport) in solids. In Chapter 4, Professor Kozlowski and colleagues describe important new findings about the critical dimensions of ferromagnetic nanoparticles of iron. This is followed by Chapter 5 where Professor çimenoglu and co-workers present an in depth overview of surface hardening of titanium and its alloys by way of diffusion of the interstitial atoms of oxygen, nitrogen and boron. In Chapter 6 Professor Morton-Blake describes fascinating new molecular dynamics simulations of sodium and chloride ions in a synthetic ion channel in a membrane. Finally, in Chapter 7, Professor Seetharaman and colleagues describe the important role of diffusion phenomena in process metallurgy. We wish to thank the authors for their prompt contributions and the reviewers for their input.

This text provides a teachable and readable approach to transport phenomena (momentum, heat, and mass transport) by providing numerous examples and applications, which are particularly important to metallurgical, ceramic, and materials engineers. Because the authors feel that it is important for students and practicing engineers to visualize the physical situations, they have attempted to lead the reader through the development and solution of the relevant differential equations by applying the familiar principles of conservation to numerous situations and by including many worked examples in each chapter. The book is organized in a manner characteristic of other texts in transport phenomena. Section I deals with the properties and mechanics of fluid motion; Section II with thermal properties and heat transfer; and Section III with diffusion and mass transfer. The authors depart from tradition by building on a presumed understanding of the relationships between the structure and properties of matter, particularly in the chapters devoted to the transport properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity, and the diffusion coefficients). In addition, generous portions of the text, numerous examples, and many problems at the ends of the chapters apply transport phenomena to materials processing.

This introduction to transport phenomena in materials engineering balances an explanation of the fundamentals governing fluid flow and the transport of heat and mass with their common applications to specific systems in materials engineering. It introduces the influences of properties and geometry on fluid flow using familiar fluids such as air and water. Covers topics such as engineering units and pressure in static fluids; momentum transport and laminar flow of Newtonian fluids; equations of continuity and conservation of momentum and fluid flow past submerged objects; turbulent flow; mechanical energy balance and its application to fluid flow; transport of heat by conduction; transport of heat by convection; transient heat flow; heat transport by thermal radiation; mass transport in the solid state by diffusion; mass transport in fluids. Includes extensive appendices.

This book presents the basic theory and experimental techniques of transport phenomena in materials processing operations. Such fundamental knowledge is highly useful for researchers and engineers in the field to improve the efficiency of conventional processes or develop novel technology. Divided into four parts, the book comprises 11 chapters describing the principles of momentum transfer, heat transfer, and mass transfer in single phase and multiphase systems. Each chapter includes examples with solutions and exercises to facilitate students’ learning. Diagnostic problems are also provided at the end of each part to assess students’ comprehension of the material. The book is aimed primarily at students in materials science and engineering. However, it can also serve as a useful reference text in chemical engineering as well as an introductory transport phenomena text in mechanical engineering. In addition, researchers and engineers engaged in materials processing operations will find the material useful for the design of experiments and mathematical models in transport phenomena. This volume contains unique features not usually found in traditional transport phenomena texts. It integrates experimental techniques and theory, both of which are required to adequately solve the inherently complex problems in materials processing operations. It takes a holistic approach by considering both single and multiphase systems, augmented with specific practical examples. There is a discussion of flow and heat transfer in microscale systems, which is relevant to the design of modern processes such as fuel cells and compact heat exchangers. Also described are auxiliary relationships including turbulence modeling, interfacial phenomena, rheology, and particulate systems, which are critical to many materials processing operations.

Present issue is devoted to problems classical mass diffusion such as phase transformations, corrosion behavior, coatings and microstructures and extensions to new research in the field of nanotechnology. Were investigated classical carbon and alloy steels, titanium and aluminum alloys as well as polymer materials. Technical applications relate to oil recovery, surface quality, and improved material properties for machining and processing. Many of these topics are related to experimental measurements and methods as well as numerical simulation and approaches to predict properties and processes.

This topical volume on Advanced Diffusion Processes and Phenomena addresses diffusion in a wider sense of not only mass diffusion but also heat diffusion in fluids and solids. Both diffusion phenomena play an important role in the characterization of engineering materials and corresponding structures. Understanding these different transport phenomena at many levels, from atomistic to macro, has therefore long attracted the attention of many researchers in materials science and engineering and related disciplines. The present topical volume captures a representative cross-section of some of the recent advances in the area of mass and heat transport. Reflecting the enormous breadth of the area, the range of topics covered is accordingly very large. Keyword: diffusion, mass diffusion, heat diffusion This volume focuses on the topic of advanced diffusion processes and phenomena, including diffusion in general and mass diffusion and heat diffusion in fluids and solids. The 26 articles cover classical mass diffusion problems like phase transformations, precipitation, recrystallization, and grain boundary diffusion; advanced materials like nanomaterials and ceramic and polymer-based composites; and heat diffusion topics like thermal properties of foams and composite materials, heat storage coefficients of building materials, and fluid flow of impinging jets. Contributors are engineers, physicists, and other scientists from around the world. -- Atomic and molecular physics-- Materials science-- Physics-- Thermodynamics.