This book provides a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art techniques for the security of critical infrastructures, addressing both logical and physical aspects from an engineering point of view. Recently developed methodologies and tools for CI analysis as well as strategies and technologies for CI protection are investigated in the following strongly interrelated and multidisciplinary main fields: - Vulnerability analysis and risk assessment - Threat prevention, detection and response - Emergency planning and management Each of the aforementioned topics is addressed considering both theoretical aspects and practical applications. Emphasis is given to model-based holistic evaluation approaches as well as to emerging protection technologies, including smart surveillance through networks of intelligent sensing devices. Critical Infrastructure Security can be used as a self-contained reference handbook for both practitioners and researchers or even as a textbook for master/doctoral degree students in engineering or related disciplines.More specifically, the topic coverage of the book includes: - Historical background on threats to critical infrastructures - Model-based risk evaluation and management approaches - Security surveys and game-theoretic vulnerability assessment - Federated simulation for interdependency analysis - Security operator training and emergency preparedness - Intelligent multimedia (audio-video) surveillance - Terahertz body scanners for weapon and explosive detection - Security system design (intrusion detection / access control) - Dependability and resilience of computer networks (SCADA / cyber-security) - Wireless smart-sensor networks and structural health monitoring - Information systems for crisis response and emergency management - Early warning, situation awareness and decision support software

This book analyzes the security of critical infrastructures such as road, rail, water, health, and electricity networks that are vital for a nation’s society and economy, and assesses the resilience of these networks to intentional attacks. The book combines the analytical capabilities of experts in operations research and management, economics, risk analysis, and defense management, and presents graph theoretical analysis, advanced statistics, and applied modeling methods. In many chapters, the authors provide reproducible code that is available from the publisher’s website. Lastly, the book identifies and discusses implications for risk assessment, policy, and insurability. The insights it offers are globally applicable, and not limited to particular locations, countries or contexts. Researchers, intelligence analysts, homeland security staff, and professionals who operate critical infrastructures will greatly benefit from the methods, models and findings presented. While each of the twelve chapters is self-contained, taken together they provide a sound basis for informed decision-making and more effective operations, policy, and defense.

The information infrastructure--comprising computers, embedded devices, networks and software systems--is vital to operations in every sector. Global business and industry, governments, and society itself, cannot function effectively if major components of the critical information infrastructure are degraded, disabled or destroyed. This book contains a selection of 27 edited papers from the First Annual IFIP WG 11.10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection.

This edition of Critical Infrastructure presents a culmination of ongoing research and real-work experience, building upon previous editions. Since the first edition of this work, the domain has seen significant evolutions in terms of operational needs, environmental challenges and threats - both emerging and evolving. This work expands upon the previous works and maintains its focus on those efforts vital to securing the safety and security of populations. The world continues to see a shift from a force-protection model to one more focused on resilience. This process has been exacerbated and challenged as societies face increased instability in weather and arguably climate, a destabilized geopolitical situation, and continuing economic instability. Various levels--ranging from international oversight to individual actions--continue to work towards new approaches and tools that can assist in meeting this challenge. This work keeps pace with the key changes that have occurred since previous editions and continues to provide insight into emerging and potential issues. Expanding from historical research, major areas of interest such as climate change, regulatory oversight, and internal capacity building are explored. This work provides a reference for those that are working to prepare themselves and their organizations for challenges likely to arise over the next decade. In keeping with the fast-changing nature of this field, Critical Infrastructure: Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness, Fourth Edition has been completely revised and fully updated to reflect this shift in focus and to incorporate the latest developments. Presents an overview of some of the emerging challenges and conflicts between the public and private sector; Continues to build the case for organizations to adopt an intelligence-driven and adaptive approach to protecting infrastructure; Presents a unique and new perspective of re-examining baseline requirements against a range of shifting factors, taking a balanced approach between risk-based planning and consequence management; Expands upon the issue of internal and lone-wolf threats that pose additional challenges to a system that continues to focus largely on external threats; and An enhanced and improved view of interdependencies in an increasingly inter-connected and network-enabled world. Preparing for the challenges of increasingly unstable threat and operating environments will pose challenges at all levels. Those involved in ensuring that critical infrastructure protection and assurance efforts function effectively and efficiently--whether as government regulators, business operators, clients of various infrastructure sectors or those seeking to maintain an accountable system - will find insights into less-explored aspects of this challenging field.

The present volume aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of the so-called Critical Infrastructure (CI), and particularly the Critical Information Infrastructure (CII), which not only forms one of the constituent sectors of the overall CI, but also is unique in providing an element of interconnection between sectors as well as often also intra-sectoral control mechanisms. The 14 papers of this book present a collection of pieces of scientific work in the areas of critical infrastructure protection. In combining elementary concepts and models with policy-related issues on one hand and placing an emphasis on the timely area of control systems, the book aims to highlight some of the key issues facing the research community.

Security protections for critical infrastructure nodes are intended to minimize the risks resulting from an initiating event, whether it is an intentional malevolent act or a natural hazard. With an emphasis on protecting an infrastructure's ability to perform its mission or function, Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency presents a practical methodology for developing an effective protection system that can either prevent undesired events or mitigate the consequences of such events. Developed at Sandia National Labs, the authors’ analytical approach and methodology enables decision-makers and security experts to perform and utilize risk assessments in a manner that extends beyond the theoretical to practical application. These protocols leverage expertise in modeling dependencies—optimizing system resiliency for effective physical protection system design and consequence mitigation. The book begins by focusing on the design of protection strategies to enhance the robustness of the infrastructure components. The authors present risk assessment tools and necessary metrics to offer guidance to decision-makers in applying sometimes limited resources to reduce risk and ensure operational resiliency. Our critical infrastructure is vast and made up of many component parts. In many cases, it may not be practical or affordable to secure every infrastructure node. For years, experts—as a part of the risk assessment process—have tried to better identify and distinguish higher from lower risks through risk segmentation. In the second section of the book, the authors present examples to distinguish between high and low risks and corresponding protection measures. In some cases, protection measures do not prevent undesired events from occurring. In others, protection of all infrastructure components is not feasible. As such, this section describes how to evaluate and design resilience in these unique scenarios to manage costs while most effectively ensuring infrastructure system protection. With insight from the authors’ decades of experience, this book provides a high-level, practical analytical framework that public and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure can use to better understand and evaluate infrastructure security strategies and policies. Strengthening the entire homeland security enterprise, the book presents a significant contribution to the science of critical infrastructure protection and resilience.

Since the initial inception of this book, there have been significant strides to safeguard the operations of our worlds infrastructures. In recent years, there has also been a shift to more fluid postures associated with resilience and the establishment of redundant infrastructure. In keeping with the fast-changing nature of this field, Critical I