Understanding how humans cope in extreme environments has expanded our knowledge of the physiological and psychological challenges involved and helped us to quit our comfortable paradigms built on “steady states”. Furthermore, measuring our reactions to intermittent stressors and determining the oscillations of our coping mechanisms has led us to unexpected understandings. This methodology has also directly improved our translational or multidisciplinary approach to the subject. Studying healthy individuals in extreme environments could improve our understanding of patients with impaired physiological capacities (who are coping with an environment that becomes extreme to them) and also improve our understanding of physiology and psychology in the elderly.This eBook collects articles that address this translational multidisciplinary approach in an integrative way. As a whole, this Research Topic aims to better understand human/animal physiology and psychology.

A systematic 1982 on human reactions to five environmental stress factors.

Human Performance in Extreme Environments focuses on the physiological, psychological and social factors that affect how people live and work in a number of extreme settings and occupations. It offers readers a unique balance between factual information derived from scientific research and observations based on the experience and anecdotal reports of men and women who work in such environments. The book also discusses specific occupations in which people are exposed to hazardous and unusual conditions, such as firefighting, search and rescue, and military combat. In addition to reviewing extreme environments and related occupations, the primary purpose of the book is to highlight the similarities and differences between such settings and demonstrate that lessons learned from one environment can be applied to other environments. Ultimately, it is intended that this volume will serve as a valuable reference and help lower the boundaries between different domains and organizations in order to improve our collective understanding of human performance in severely challenging environments. Each chapter follows the same format to facilitate its use as a reference source, to help readers find information easily under a consistent heading structure. All chapters are written by at least one academic author together with an author with applied or "real world" experience in the environment or occupation. Human Performance in Extreme Environments will appeal to researchers, students, practitioners and anyone with an interest in how people react to and perform under physically and mentally challenging conditions.

Pieris napi, Climatic adaptation, Environmental gradient, Local adaptation.

This book brings together in-depth information on a wide array of bio-engineering topics and their application to enhance human health, performance, comfort, and survival in extreme environments. Contributions from biomedical engineering, information systems, medicine and physiology, and medical engineering are presented in relation to a broad range of harsh and extreme environmental scenarios, including underwater, terrestrial (both natural and man-made), and space travel. Physicians, engineers, and scientists, as well as researchers and graduate students, will find the book to be an invaluable resource. Details effects of extreme environments on human physiology; Presents human-environment interaction in different scenarios; Overview of engineering challenges and problems in extreme environments.

Human Physiology in Extreme Environments, Second Edition, offers evidence on how human biology and physiology is affected by extreme environments, also highlighting technological innovations that allow us to adapt and regulate environments. Covering a broad range of extreme environments, including high altitude, underwater, tropical climates, desert climates, arctic climates and space travel, the book also includes case studies that can be used to illustrate practical application. Graduate students, medical students and researchers will find this to be an interesting, informative and useful resource for human physiology, environmental physiology and medical studies. Includes coverage of current global challenges and their consequences on human physiology and performance Presents human physiological challenges in extreme environments Provides an excellent source of information on paleontological and anthropological aspects Offers practical medical and scientific uses of current concepts

A comprehensive text book by Wolters Kluwer Lippincott covering all key features that are very helpful for the medical students.