This important Research Handbook provides a guide to navigating the tangled array of laws and policies available to counter the ominous threats of ocean acidification. It investigates the limitations and opportunities for addressing ocean acidification under national, regional and global governance frameworks, including multilateral environmental agreements, law of the sea and human rights instruments.

The experiences of Canada and Australia provide useful lessons for other states grappling with the need to develop integrated approaches to managing their ocean and coastal resources. Canada and Australia have two of the largest maritime jurisdictions in the world and are extremely conscious of their responsibility and obligations for ocean governance. Both nations are addressing similar oceanic challenges, yet approaching policy development and implementation in different ways. This valuable study traces the implementation of these important global maritime regimes and provides a spectrum of viewpoints on key facets of ocean law and policy developments and constraints in these federal, western middle-power nations. Oceans Law and Policy in the Post-UNCED Era is the result of an ongoing research project by the Australia Canada Ocean Research Network (ACORN). it brings together papers from leading experts in this field, and, In taking a comparative approach, Is a major contribution.

This book deals with Canada's oceans management policies since the conclusion of the 1982 Convention of the Law of the Sea. That Convention set out a jurisdictional framework for the management of the world's oceans, but it did not provide states with precise guidance on all the issues that can arise. As a state with one of the world's longest coastlines, Canada was one of the principal beneficiaries under the 1982 Convention regime. A study of Canadian policy is particularly significant, as Canadian oceans management places in relief many of the difficult questions yet to be resolved.

This is the last of three volumes dealing with the International Legal Environment (see list in back of book), included in the Collected Research Studies of the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada. The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 3) culminated in the adopted of the United Nations convention on the law of the sea in 1982. Since then 150 countries, including Canada, have signed this historic treaty. It affects Canada's four major ocean industries: fishing, offshore petroleum, shipping and ocean mining. As Canada contemplates ratification of this agreement, it must consider these as well as several other maritime matters, including transit management, offshore development, marine-technology development and ocean-science policy. This volume delineates the issues and their implications for Canada's future at sea, and recommends the establishment of an independent advisory body to ensure serious and comprehensive treatment of maritime concerns.

The United States and Canada are salt water neighbors on the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic Oceans. Despite the general closeness of the political, economic and social relationship, the two States have approached their offshore areas from different perspectives. Canada has long supported expansion of exclusive national control over its adjacent offshore; whereas the United States has been concerned with the balance between national authority and international navigation rights. Canada has tended to view maritime disputes with the United States as local matters; whereas the United States has tended to see the disputes with Canada in global terms. Against this background, Salt Water Neighbor's examines both the international ocean law disagreements that exist between the United States and Canada respecting maritime boundaries, fisheries and navigation rights (e.g., the Northwest Passage) and the numerous cooperative bilateral arrangements that have prevented these disputes from being significant causes of friction between the neighbors. There has not been a comprehensive book-length study of United States-Canada international ocean relations since the early 1970s. Much has changed in the last 30 years. Most importantly, the law and the nature of the disputes between the two States have changed as a result of the adoption of 200 nautical mile zones in the late 1970s.

In the years since 1994, when the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) entered into force, the ocean law regime has been profoundly affected by an interplay of new forces in global ocean affairs. Numbered among them are innovations in technology and science, the emergence of intensified piracy and other challenges to maritime security, national, and regional programs. In Ocean Law and Policy: Twenty Years of Development under the UNCLOS Regime, experts from fourteen countries present nineteen papers that provide insightful analyses of these wide-ranging issues that form the emerging new context of UNCLOS as a keystone to a working regime system. Accessible as well as authoritative, this volume offers to general readers as well as academics, policy officials, and legal experts a set of important analyses and provocative insights, forming a major contribution to the literature of ocean studies.