The CRYPTO ’94 conference is sponsored by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), in co-operation with the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Security and Privacy. It has taken place at the Univ- sity of California, Santa Barbara, from August 21-25,1994. This is the fourteenth annual CRYPTO conference, all of which have been held at UCSB. This is the first time that proceedings are available at the conference. The General Chair, Jimmy R. Upton has been responsible for local organization, registration, etc. There were 114 submitted papers which were considered by the Program Committee. Of these, 1 was withdrawn and 38 were selected for the proce- ings. There are also 3 invited talks. Two of these are on aspects of cryptog- phy in the commercial world. The one on hardware aspects will be presented by David Maher (AT&T), the one on software aspects by Joseph Pato (Hewlett- Packard). There will also be a panel discussion on “Securing an Electronic World: Are We Ready?” The panel members will be: Ross Anderson, Bob Blakley, Matt Blaze, George Davida, Yvo Desmedt (moderator), Whitfield Diffie, Joan Feig- baum, Blake Greenlee, Martin Hellman, David Maher, Miles Smid. The topic of the panel will be introduced by the invited talk of Whitfield Diffie on ”Securing the Information Highway. ” These proceedings contain revised versions of the 38 contributed talks. Each i paper was sent to at least 3 members of the program committee for comments.

This volume is concerned with the individual steps in the pathway of retrovirus morphogenesis and maturation starting at the point where the components of the virion have been synthesized within the infected cell and ending once the infectious virion has been released from this cell. An introductory chapter provides a comparative description of the structure and morphology of infectious viruses. A novel feature is the organization according to individual steps in the pathway of virus particle formation rather than according to individual viruses or virus groups as has been done in most previous reviews. This novel concept should allow a comparative discussion of the similarities and differences within this complex virus family regarding the specific aspects of formation of an infectious virion.

The Crypto ’95 conference was sponsored by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), in cooperation with the IEEE Computer - ciety Technical Committee on Security and Privacy, and the Computer Science Department of the University of California, Santa Barbara. It took place at the University of California, Santa Barbara, from August 27-31, 1995. This was the fifteenth annual Crypto conference; all have been held at UCSB. For the second time, proceedings were available at the conference. The General Chair, Stafford Tavares, was responsible for local organization and registration. The Program Committee considered 151 papers and selected 36 for pres- tation. There were also two invited talks. Robert Morris, Sr. gave a talk on “Ways of Losing Information,” which included some non-cryptographic means of leaking secrets that are often overlooked by cryptographers. The second talk, “Cryptography - Myths and Realities,” was given by Adi Shamir, this year’s IACR Distinguished Lecturer. Shamir is the second person to receive this honor, the first having been Gus Simmons at Crypto ’94. These proceedings contain revised versions of the 36 contributed talks. Each paper was sent to at least three members of the program committee for c- ments. Revisions were not checked on their scientific aspects. Some authors will write final versions of their papers for publication in refereed journals. Of course, the authors bear full responsibility for the contents of their papers.

The papers in this volume were presented at the CRYPTO '88 conference on theory and applications of cryptography, held in Santa Barbara, California, August 21-25, 1988. The papers were chosen for their perceived originality and often represent preliminary reports on continuing research. The main sections deal with the following topics: Zero-Knowledge, Number Theory, Pseudorandomness, Signatures, Complexity, Protocols, Security, Cryptoanalysis. As such, they will give the committed reader a unique insight into the very latest developments in the field.

Crypto 2004, the 24th Annual Crypto Conference, was sponsored by the Int- national Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR) in cooperation with the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Security and Privacy and the Computer Science Department of the University of California at Santa Barbara. The program committee accepted 33 papers for presentation at the conf- ence. These were selected from a total of 211 submissions. Each paper received at least three independent reviews. The selection process included a Web-based discussion phase, and a one-day program committee meeting at New York U- versity. These proceedings include updated versions of the 33 accepted papers. The authors had a few weeks to revise them, aided by comments from the reviewers. However, the revisions were not subjected to any editorial review. Theconferenceprogramincludedtwoinvitedlectures.VictorShoup’sinvited talk was a survey on chosen ciphertext security in public-key encryption. Susan Landau’s invited talk was entitled “Security, Liberty, and Electronic Commu- cations”. Her extended abstract is included in these proceedings. We continued the tradition of a Rump Session, chaired by Stuart Haber. Those presentations (always short, often serious) are not included here.

Crypto '96, the Sixteenth Annual Crypto Conference, is sponsored by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), in cooperation with the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Security and P- vacy and the Computer Science Department of the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB). It takes place at UCSB from August 18 to 22, 1996. The General Chair, Richard Graveman, is responsible for local organization and registration. The scientific program was organized by the 16-member Program C- mittee. We considered 115 papers. (An additional 15 submissions had to be summarily rejected because of lateness or major noncompliance with the c- ditions in the Call for Papers.) Of these, 30 were accepted for presentation. In addition, there will be five invited talks by Ernest Brickell. Andrew Clark, Whitfield Diffie, Ronald Rivest, and Cliff Stoll. A Rump Session will be chaired by Stuart Haber. These proceedings contain the revised versions of the 30 contributed talks. least three com- The submitted version of each paper was examined by at mittee members and/or outside experts, and their comments were taken into account in the revisions. However, the authors (and not the committee) bear full responsibility for the content of their papers.